Women, Heart Disease, & Research - Dr. Granek

Question 1

Lifestyle medicine (pillars of health)

Answer 1

1. Exercise/movement (non-sedentary)
2. Diet (whole food, plant based)
3. Sleep
4. Mental health (mindfulness, mind-body connection)
5. Social connections (relationships, social support)

Question 2

Goals of Preventive Medicine

Answer 2

Recognize extent of CVD in women, describe the symptoms of heart attack in women, list the risk factors for heart disease, identify resources online, identify the major research studies in women.

Question 3

Office on Women’s Health (OWH)

Answer 3

Works to improve the health and well being of women and girls in the US. Established in 1991, first head: Vivian Pinn

Question 4

National Institute of Health (NIH)

Answer 4

Bernadine Healy: first woman to be a director

Question 5

Office of Research on Women

Answer 5

Focused on women’s health as a specialized issue for government action and attention.

Question 6

US Preventative Service Task Force

Answer 6

Makes recommendations of what (in general) the public should do for their health.

Question 7

National Black Women’s Health Project

Answer 7

Addressed the health and reproductive rights of African American women.

Question 8

Cohort Study

Answer 8

Follow specific groups over a long period of time to track how they develop a disease, some even go long enough to follow the children of the original participants.
» Cohort studies are used to study incidence, causes, and prognosis

Question 9

Controlled Clinical Trial/Experimental

Answer 9

Treatments given under controlled conditions, use double blind method and random assignment to reduce bias.

Question 10

Congestive Heart Failure

Answer 10

Result of an overworked heart muscle if you have uncontrolled high blood pressure for a long period of time.

Question 11

Lifestyle Medicine

Answer 11

People focusing on evidence based behavioral changes that you can make to prevent disease and make outcomes for people already diagnosed with a disease better.

Question 12

Blood Pressure

Answer 12

Most important risk factor for heart disease.

Question 13

Sex Lens

Answer 13

Biological dimensions, use terms such as sex/sex differences/sex assigned at birth/female/male

Question 14

Gender Lens

Answer 14

Social dimensions, use terms such as gender/gender differences/man/woman/transgender

Question 15

Heart failure

Answer 15

Heart cannot pump; blockages can result in heart attacks.

Question 16

Women’s Health Initiative

Answer 16

3 trials: Hormone replace, diet modification, and Calcium/Vitamin D

Question 17

Women’s Health Initiative Estrogen & Progestin Trial Purpose

Answer 17

• To test the hypothesis that estrogen + progestin will reduce rates of CHD and osteoporosis-related fracture
• To assess whether E+P increases the risk of breast cancer
• To determine the balance of risks and benefits of estrogen + progestin on the overall health of postmenopausal women.

Question 18

Absolute Risk Summary (of the hormone trial)

Answer 18

Excess risk per 10,000 person-years on E+P
- 7 more women with CHD
- 8 more women with stroke
- 8 more women with PE
- 8 more women with breast cancer

Question 19

Nurses Health Study

Answer 19

An important observational study that spans across generations and studies birth control, cigarette smoking, postmenopausal hormone therapy, etc

Question 20

Framingham Heart Study

Answer 20

Studying the risk factor for heart disease.