Women Flashcards

1
Q

What are the themes to consider for women?

A
  • Social
  • Political
  • Economic
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2
Q

What are the factors which helped/hindered women’s rights?

A
  • Activism
  • Presidents and Congress
  • Supreme Court
  • Opposition
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3
Q

What is activism in relation to women?

A

Women and key organisations.

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4
Q

How do Presidents and Congress in relation to women?

A

The president is often constrained by the views of
Congress. Responsible for passing laws and amendments to
the constitution. Limited impact for women.

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5
Q

How does the Supreme Court relate to women?

A

Cases are ruled on by the Supreme Court, known by the
judgement e.g. Roe vs. Wade. They reinforce the
constitution and laws.

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6
Q

Where did the opposition to women come from?

A

Ordinary people as well as groups e.g. Phyllis Schlafly.

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7
Q

What are the key turning points for women between 1865 and 1992?

A
  • Civil War
  • Gilded Age 1875-1895
  • 19th Amendment
  • World Wars
  • 1960’s
  • 1980’s
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8
Q

Why was the Civil War a turning points for women’s rights?

A

Allowed women to fulfil both household roles for a period
of time. Community focused and established themselves
as a civilising force. Involvement in abolition campaign.

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9
Q

Why was the Gilded Age a turning point for women’s rights?

A

Increased economic progress led to greater opportunities
for women in the service industries and clerical work.
However, very limited in union representation.

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10
Q

Why was the 19th Amendment a turning point for women’s rights?

A

Establishes the right to vote for all women over 21 yrs.

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11
Q

Why were the World Wars a turning point for women’s rights?

A

Economic opportunities proves women are capable of the

same work as men. Greater independence & money.

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12
Q

Why were the 1960’s a key turning point for women’s rights?

A

Feminist movement established.

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13
Q

Why were the 1980’s a key turning point for women’s rights?

A

Higher levels of education and more female entrepreneurs.

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14
Q

When were the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Women Suffrage Association (AWSA) established?

A

1869

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15
Q

When were the Women’s Christian Temperance Union founded?

A

1874

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16
Q

When did the NWSA and the AWSA merge to make the NAWSA?

A

1890

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17
Q

When did Margaret Sangers open the first US birth control clinic?

A

1917

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18
Q

When was the 19th Amendment passed?

A

1920

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19
Q

When did Francis Perkins become the first woman in presidential cabinet?

A

1933

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20
Q

When did America enter WW2?

A

1941

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21
Q

When did the number of men and women voting become equal?

A

1957

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22
Q

When was the Equal Pay Act passed?

A

1963

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23
Q

When was the National Organisation for Women (NOW) founded?

A

1966

24
Q

When was the Equal Rights Amendment passed by Congress?

A

1972

25
Q

When was the Roe vs Wade debate?

A

1973

26
Q

When did Geraldine Ferraro become the first woman to be the vice-president of the Democratic Party?

A

1984

27
Q

Why was Susan Anthony important for women’s rights?

A

Led abolitionist movement and president of

Freedman’s Savings Bank.

28
Q

Why was Sojourner Truth important for women’s rights?

A

African American abolition campaigner and ex-slave.

29
Q

Why was Lucretia Mott important for women’s rights?

A

Quaker teacher and abolitionist, organised Seneca

Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments.

30
Q

Why was Elizabeth Cady Stanton important for women’s rights?

A

Worked with Mott & Anthony to set up NWSA and

Seneca Falls Convention.

31
Q

Why was Elizabeth Lease important for women’s rights?

A

Opposed to big business and set up protests against
railways to protect farming. Member of Populist
Party.

32
Q

Why was Lucy Stone important for women’s rights?

A

Abolitionist, urged equal pay and refused to pay

taxes due to lack of representation in govt.

33
Q

Why was Alice Paul important for women’s rights?

A

Founded National Women’s Party in 1916 and pushed for ERA in the 1920s.

34
Q

Why was Carrie Chapman Catt important for women’s rights?

A

Succeeded Anthony to head NAWSA and effective
in gaining state support for suffrage, led to 19th
Amendment.

35
Q

Why was Eleanor Roosevelt important for women’s rights?

A

Wife of FDR and avid supporter of women’s rights.

36
Q

Why was Ella Baker important for women’s rights?

A

Member of NAACP, SCLC, SNCC, grass roots activist.

37
Q

Why was Betty Friedan important for women’s rights?

A
Wrote the ‘Feminine Mystique’ expressing middle
class discontent.
38
Q

Why was Margaret Sanger important for women’s rights?

A

Set up first birth control clinic in America in 1916.

39
Q

Why was Phyllis Schlafly important for women’s rights?

A

Conservative journalist who spoke out against

feminism, abortion rights and ERA.

40
Q

Why was Martha Griffiths important for women’s rights?

A

First female, Democrat Senator elected to Congress.

41
Q

What did Woodrow Wilson do as president for women’s rights?

A

Supported the 19th Amendment

42
Q

What did FDR do as president for women’s rights?

A

New Deal aimed at men those some benefits for

women.

43
Q

What did Truman do as president for women’s rights?

A

Post-war encouraged to return to the home.

44
Q

What did Eisenhower do as president for women’s rights?

A

Conservative views, little impact on women.

45
Q

What did JFK do as president for women’s rights?

A

Commissioned a ‘Report on American Women’. But

limited action.

46
Q

What did Lyndon Johnson do as president for women’s rights?

A

Supportive of reform and ‘Great Society’ ideas.

47
Q

What did Richard Nixon do as president for women’s rights?

A

Affirmative action offered some benefits to women.

48
Q

What did Ronald Reagan do as president for women’s rights?

A

Conservative in attitudes towards women and

prevented ERA being ratified.

49
Q

What was the NWSA?

A

National Woman Suffrage Association, restricted

membership to women only.

50
Q

What was the AWSA?

A

American Woman Suffrage Association, rival to NWSA

and admitted men.

51
Q

What was the WCTU?

A

Women’s Christian Temperance Union

52
Q

Who were the Daughters of the American Revolution?

A

Patriotic party open to women who could prove their
ancestors played a role in achieving US independence.
Conservative organisation and non-militant.

53
Q

Who were the National Women’s Party?

A

Founded by Lucy Burns and Alice Paul aimed to deliver
a Suffragette-style campaign. Silent protests and
hunger strikes.

54
Q

Who were NOW?

A

National Organisation for Women founded in 1966 to bring legal cases of discrimination.

55
Q

What did the 19th Amendment do for women’s rights?

A

Gave women over 21 years of age the vote

56
Q

What was the Roe vs Wade debate?

A

It established the right to abortion as a result of Jane Roe presenting the issue to the Supreme Court