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1_P_W > Wom_Cancer > Flashcards

Wom_Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary purpose of nursing care for breast cancer patients?

A

To provide holistic support, manage symptoms, and assist in treatment adherence.

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2
Q

True or False: Breast cancer can only be diagnosed through a biopsy.

A

False

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The most common type of breast cancer is _______.

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

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4
Q

What does the TNM staging system stand for?

A

Tumor, Node, Metastasis

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5
Q

Which imaging test is commonly used for early detection of breast cancer?

A

Mammography

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6
Q

What is the significance of hormone receptor status in breast cancer?

A

It helps determine treatment options and prognosis.

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7
Q

What is the role of chemotherapy in breast cancer treatment?

A

To kill cancer cells and reduce tumor size before surgery or eliminate remaining cells after surgery.

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8
Q

True or False: Radiation therapy is often used after surgery to eliminate remaining cancer cells.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the purpose of sentinel lymph node biopsy?

A

To assess if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

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10
Q

List one common side effect of breast cancer treatment.

A

Fatigue

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11
Q

What is the importance of post-operative care in breast cancer patients?

A

To monitor for complications and support recovery.

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12
Q

What type of drug is Tamoxifen?

A

A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: Stage IV breast cancer indicates _______.

A

metastasis to distant organs

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14
Q

Which surgical procedure involves the removal of the entire breast?

A

Mastectomy

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15
Q

What should nurses monitor for after a mastectomy?

A

Signs of infection, drainage, and pain management.

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16
Q

True or False: Breast cancer risk factors include age and family history.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the purpose of genetic testing in breast cancer?

A

To identify hereditary cancer syndromes and inform treatment decisions.

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18
Q

What is a common psychological concern for breast cancer patients?

A

Anxiety and depression related to diagnosis and treatment.

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19
Q

What lifestyle change can help reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence?

A

Maintaining a healthy weight and regular exercise.

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: The most common method of breast cancer screening is _______.

A

mammography

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21
Q

What is the role of a breast care nurse?

A

To provide specialized support and education to patients with breast cancer.

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22
Q

Which type of breast cancer is known for being more aggressive and harder to treat?

A

Triple-negative breast cancer

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23
Q

What is the purpose of using a patient education plan in breast cancer nursing care?

A

To empower patients with knowledge about their disease and treatment options.

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24
Q

True or False: Breast cancer can only affect women.

A

False

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25
Q

What is the importance of follow-up care after breast cancer treatment?

A

To monitor for recurrence and manage long-term side effects.

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26
Q

What is the primary purpose of a breast self-examination?

A

To detect any changes or abnormalities in the breast tissue.

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27
Q

True or False: Breast self-examinations should be performed only once a year.

A

False

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28
Q

When is the best time to perform a breast self-examination?

A

A few days after your period ends.

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29
Q

Fill in the blank: You should examine your breasts in front of a __________.

A

mirror

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30
Q

What should you look for during a breast self-examination?

A

Lumps, changes in size or shape, skin changes, and discharge.

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31
Q

How should you position your arms during a breast self-examination?

A

Raise your arms above your head and then place them on your hips.

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32
Q

What technique is commonly used when feeling for lumps during a breast self-examination?

A

Using the pads of your fingers in a circular motion.

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33
Q

True or False: A breast self-examination can replace regular mammograms.

A

False

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34
Q

What is the recommended frequency for performing a breast self-examination?

A

Monthly

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35
Q

What should you do if you find a new lump or change in your breast?

A

Consult a healthcare professional.

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36
Q

Which of the following is NOT a sign to look for during a breast self-examination? A) Lumps B) Skin irritation C) Headaches

A

C) Headaches

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37
Q

What should you do after examining both breasts?

A

Check the area under your arms for lumps.

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38
Q

Fill in the blank: Breast self-examinations help women become more __________ about their breast health.

A

aware

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39
Q

What is the first step in a breast self-examination?

A

Look at your breasts in the mirror.

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40
Q

True or False: You should only perform breast self-examinations if you have a family history of breast cancer.

A

False

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41
Q

What should you do if you notice changes in the texture of your breast skin?

A

Seek medical advice.

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42
Q

What is the significance of examining the breasts while lying down?

A

It helps to spread the breast tissue evenly and makes it easier to feel for lumps.

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43
Q

What technique can be used to remember the areas to check during a breast self-examination?

A

The ‘up and down’ pattern or ‘circular’ pattern.

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44
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is an important part of breast self-examination.

A

nipple

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45
Q

What is the importance of knowing your normal breast structure?

A

It helps in identifying any changes or abnormalities.

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46
Q

When should women start performing breast self-examinations?

A

In their 20s.

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47
Q

True or False: Breast self-examination can help in early detection of breast cancer.

A

True

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48
Q

What are some common changes to look for during a breast self-examination?

A

Swelling, dimpling, or changes in color.

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49
Q

How long should a breast self-examination take?

A

About 10 minutes.

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50
Q

What should you do if you are unsure about how to perform a breast self-examination?

A

Ask your healthcare provider for guidance.

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51
Q

What is the primary screening test for cervical cancer?

A

Pap smear

52
Q

True or False: HPV is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.

A

True

53
Q

Fill in the blank: The staging system commonly used for cervical cancer is the ____ system.

A

FIGO

54
Q

What is the typical treatment for early-stage cervical cancer?

A

Surgery, such as a hysterectomy

55
Q

What is the role of chemotherapy in cervical cancer treatment?

A

It is used for advanced stages or recurrent disease.

56
Q

What does the term ‘adenocarcinoma’ refer to in cervical cancer?

A

A type of cervical cancer that originates in glandular cells.

57
Q

Which HPV vaccine is recommended to prevent cervical cancer?

A

Gardasil

58
Q

True or False: Regular Pap tests can help detect cervical cancer early.

A

True

59
Q

What is the purpose of a colposcopy?

A

To closely examine the cervix for signs of disease.

60
Q

What is a common post-operative care consideration for patients undergoing cervical cancer surgery?

A

Monitoring for signs of infection and managing pain.

61
Q

Which symptom might indicate cervical cancer?

A

Abnormal vaginal bleeding

62
Q

What does FIGO stage I indicate?

A

Cancer is confined to the cervix.

63
Q

True or False: Cervical cancer can be asymptomatic in early stages.

A

True

64
Q

What imaging test is commonly used to assess the spread of cervical cancer?

A

MRI

65
Q

What is the significance of lymph node involvement in cervical cancer staging?

A

It indicates a more advanced stage and affects treatment options.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The main goal of palliative care in cervical cancer is to improve ____.

A

Quality of life

67
Q

What is the recommended follow-up schedule after cervical cancer treatment?

A

Regular check-ups every 3 to 6 months for the first 2 years.

68
Q

Which type of surgery is used to remove the cervix and surrounding tissue?

A

Conization

69
Q

True or False: Radiation therapy can be used as a primary treatment for cervical cancer.

A

True

70
Q

What is the purpose of a biopsy in diagnosing cervical cancer?

A

To obtain tissue for histological examination.

71
Q

What lifestyle change can help reduce the risk of cervical cancer?

A

Quitting smoking

72
Q

What is the role of genetic counseling in cervical cancer?

A

To assess hereditary risk factors and guide screening.

73
Q

What is the typical age range for cervical cancer screening to begin?

A

Age 21

74
Q

Fill in the blank: Cervical cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to ____.

A

Lack of symptoms

75
Q

What is a common side effect of radiation therapy for cervical cancer?

A

Fatigue

76
Q

What is the importance of HPV testing in cervical cancer screening?

A

It helps identify high-risk HPV types that may lead to cervical cancer.

77
Q

What is the most common type of ovarian cancer?

A

Epithelial ovarian cancer.

78
Q

True or False: Ovarian cancer symptoms are often vague and non-specific.

A

True.

79
Q

Which biomarker is commonly used in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer?

A

CA-125.

80
Q

Fill in the blank: The staging system commonly used for ovarian cancer is the __________ system.

A

FIGO.

81
Q

What is the primary treatment modality for early-stage ovarian cancer?

A

Surgery.

82
Q

True or False: Chemotherapy is typically used as the first line of treatment for all stages of ovarian cancer.

A

False.

83
Q

What imaging technique is often used to evaluate ovarian tumors?

A

Ultrasound.

84
Q

What does the term ‘debulking’ refer to in the context of ovarian cancer treatment?

A

Surgical removal of as much tumor as possible.

85
Q

What are common signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer?

A

Bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination.

86
Q

True or False: Ovarian cancer can be diagnosed with a simple blood test.

A

False.

87
Q

What is the role of genetic testing in ovarian cancer?

A

To identify hereditary cancer syndromes, such as BRCA mutations.

88
Q

What is the purpose of staging in ovarian cancer?

A

To determine the extent of cancer spread and guide treatment options.

89
Q

Fill in the blank: Stage IV ovarian cancer indicates __________.

A

Distant metastasis.

90
Q

What is the typical follow-up care after ovarian cancer treatment?

A

Regular monitoring for signs of recurrence and managing side effects.

91
Q

What is the significance of ascites in ovarian cancer patients?

A

It can indicate advanced disease and may require intervention.

92
Q

What is the common post-operative complication after ovarian cancer surgery?

A

Infection or venous thromboembolism.

93
Q

True or False: Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for ovarian cancer.

A

False.

94
Q

What role does palliative care play in ovarian cancer treatment?

A

To improve quality of life and manage symptoms.

95
Q

What is a common side effect of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer?

A

Nausea and vomiting.

96
Q

True or False: Early detection significantly improves the prognosis for ovarian cancer.

A

True.

97
Q

What lifestyle modifications can help in the management of ovarian cancer?

A

Healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco.

98
Q

What is the importance of clinical trials in ovarian cancer treatment?

A

To investigate new therapies and improve existing treatments.

99
Q

What is the function of a multidisciplinary team in the care of ovarian cancer patients?

A

To provide comprehensive care involving various specialties.

100
Q

What is the purpose of a pelvic exam in the context of ovarian cancer?

A

To assess for abnormalities in the ovaries and surrounding structures.

101
Q

Fill in the blank: The most common presenting symptom in advanced ovarian cancer is __________.

A

Abdominal distension.

102
Q

What is the most common symptom of endometrial cancer?

A

Abnormal vaginal bleeding

103
Q

True or False: Endometrial cancer is more common in premenopausal women.

A

False

104
Q

What is the primary diagnostic test for endometrial cancer?

A

Endometrial biopsy

105
Q

Fill in the blank: The staging system used for endometrial cancer is called the _____ system.

A

FIGO

106
Q

Which stage of endometrial cancer indicates that the cancer has spread beyond the uterus?

A

Stage II and higher

107
Q

What imaging test is commonly used to assess the spread of endometrial cancer?

A

Transvaginal ultrasound

108
Q

True or False: The presence of endometrial hyperplasia increases the risk of developing endometrial cancer.

A

True

109
Q

What is the first-line treatment for early-stage endometrial cancer?

A

Surgical intervention (hysterectomy)

110
Q

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for endometrial cancer? A) Obesity B) Early menopause C) Age over 50 D) Diabetes

A

B) Early menopause

111
Q

What is the recommended follow-up care after treatment for endometrial cancer?

A

Regular pelvic exams and imaging as needed

112
Q

Fill in the blank: Endometrial cancer is most commonly diagnosed in women aged _____ and older.

A

50

113
Q

Which type of endometrial cancer is more aggressive: Type I or Type II?

A

Type II

114
Q

What is the role of chemotherapy in endometrial cancer treatment?

A

It is typically used for advanced or recurrent disease.

115
Q

True or False: Hormonal therapy is an option for treating endometrial cancer.

A

True

116
Q

What does the term ‘grade’ refer to in endometrial cancer?

A

The differentiation of cancer cells and how aggressive the cancer is.

117
Q

Which symptom should prompt immediate medical evaluation for endometrial cancer?

A

Postmenopausal bleeding

118
Q

What is the purpose of a hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer?

A

To visualize the inside of the uterus and obtain tissue samples.

119
Q

Fill in the blank: The most common type of endometrial cancer is _____ carcinoma.

A

adenocarcinoma

120
Q

What is the significance of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer staging?

A

It indicates a higher stage and potentially worse prognosis.

121
Q

True or False: Radiation therapy is commonly used as a primary treatment for endometrial cancer.

A

False

122
Q

What is the main goal of palliative care in endometrial cancer?

A

To improve quality of life and relieve symptoms.

123
Q

Which of the following is a common side effect of chemotherapy? A) Hair loss B) Increased appetite C) Weight gain D) Improved energy

A

A) Hair loss

124
Q

What genetic syndrome is associated with a higher risk of endometrial cancer?

A

Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer)

125
Q

Fill in the blank: The typical treatment plan for advanced endometrial cancer may include _____ and radiation therapy.

A

chemotherapy

126
Q

What is the purpose of genetic counseling for patients with endometrial cancer?

A

To assess risk for hereditary cancer syndromes and inform treatment options.

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