Wom_Cancer Flashcards
What is the primary purpose of nursing care for breast cancer patients?
To provide holistic support, manage symptoms, and assist in treatment adherence.
True or False: Breast cancer can only be diagnosed through a biopsy.
False
Fill in the blank: The most common type of breast cancer is _______.
invasive ductal carcinoma
What does the TNM staging system stand for?
Tumor, Node, Metastasis
Which imaging test is commonly used for early detection of breast cancer?
Mammography
What is the significance of hormone receptor status in breast cancer?
It helps determine treatment options and prognosis.
What is the role of chemotherapy in breast cancer treatment?
To kill cancer cells and reduce tumor size before surgery or eliminate remaining cells after surgery.
True or False: Radiation therapy is often used after surgery to eliminate remaining cancer cells.
True
What is the purpose of sentinel lymph node biopsy?
To assess if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.
List one common side effect of breast cancer treatment.
Fatigue
What is the importance of post-operative care in breast cancer patients?
To monitor for complications and support recovery.
What type of drug is Tamoxifen?
A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Fill in the blank: Stage IV breast cancer indicates _______.
metastasis to distant organs
Which surgical procedure involves the removal of the entire breast?
Mastectomy
What should nurses monitor for after a mastectomy?
Signs of infection, drainage, and pain management.
True or False: Breast cancer risk factors include age and family history.
True
What is the purpose of genetic testing in breast cancer?
To identify hereditary cancer syndromes and inform treatment decisions.
What is a common psychological concern for breast cancer patients?
Anxiety and depression related to diagnosis and treatment.
What lifestyle change can help reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence?
Maintaining a healthy weight and regular exercise.
Fill in the blank: The most common method of breast cancer screening is _______.
mammography
What is the role of a breast care nurse?
To provide specialized support and education to patients with breast cancer.
Which type of breast cancer is known for being more aggressive and harder to treat?
Triple-negative breast cancer
What is the purpose of using a patient education plan in breast cancer nursing care?
To empower patients with knowledge about their disease and treatment options.
True or False: Breast cancer can only affect women.
False
What is the importance of follow-up care after breast cancer treatment?
To monitor for recurrence and manage long-term side effects.
What is the primary purpose of a breast self-examination?
To detect any changes or abnormalities in the breast tissue.
True or False: Breast self-examinations should be performed only once a year.
False
When is the best time to perform a breast self-examination?
A few days after your period ends.
Fill in the blank: You should examine your breasts in front of a __________.
mirror
What should you look for during a breast self-examination?
Lumps, changes in size or shape, skin changes, and discharge.
How should you position your arms during a breast self-examination?
Raise your arms above your head and then place them on your hips.
What technique is commonly used when feeling for lumps during a breast self-examination?
Using the pads of your fingers in a circular motion.
True or False: A breast self-examination can replace regular mammograms.
False
What is the recommended frequency for performing a breast self-examination?
Monthly
What should you do if you find a new lump or change in your breast?
Consult a healthcare professional.
Which of the following is NOT a sign to look for during a breast self-examination? A) Lumps B) Skin irritation C) Headaches
C) Headaches
What should you do after examining both breasts?
Check the area under your arms for lumps.
Fill in the blank: Breast self-examinations help women become more __________ about their breast health.
aware
What is the first step in a breast self-examination?
Look at your breasts in the mirror.
True or False: You should only perform breast self-examinations if you have a family history of breast cancer.
False
What should you do if you notice changes in the texture of your breast skin?
Seek medical advice.
What is the significance of examining the breasts while lying down?
It helps to spread the breast tissue evenly and makes it easier to feel for lumps.
What technique can be used to remember the areas to check during a breast self-examination?
The ‘up and down’ pattern or ‘circular’ pattern.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is an important part of breast self-examination.
nipple
What is the importance of knowing your normal breast structure?
It helps in identifying any changes or abnormalities.
When should women start performing breast self-examinations?
In their 20s.
True or False: Breast self-examination can help in early detection of breast cancer.
True
What are some common changes to look for during a breast self-examination?
Swelling, dimpling, or changes in color.
How long should a breast self-examination take?
About 10 minutes.
What should you do if you are unsure about how to perform a breast self-examination?
Ask your healthcare provider for guidance.
What is the primary screening test for cervical cancer?
Pap smear
True or False: HPV is a major risk factor for cervical cancer.
True
Fill in the blank: The staging system commonly used for cervical cancer is the ____ system.
FIGO
What is the typical treatment for early-stage cervical cancer?
Surgery, such as a hysterectomy
What is the role of chemotherapy in cervical cancer treatment?
It is used for advanced stages or recurrent disease.
What does the term ‘adenocarcinoma’ refer to in cervical cancer?
A type of cervical cancer that originates in glandular cells.
Which HPV vaccine is recommended to prevent cervical cancer?
Gardasil
True or False: Regular Pap tests can help detect cervical cancer early.
True
What is the purpose of a colposcopy?
To closely examine the cervix for signs of disease.
What is a common post-operative care consideration for patients undergoing cervical cancer surgery?
Monitoring for signs of infection and managing pain.
Which symptom might indicate cervical cancer?
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
What does FIGO stage I indicate?
Cancer is confined to the cervix.
True or False: Cervical cancer can be asymptomatic in early stages.
True
What imaging test is commonly used to assess the spread of cervical cancer?
MRI
What is the significance of lymph node involvement in cervical cancer staging?
It indicates a more advanced stage and affects treatment options.
Fill in the blank: The main goal of palliative care in cervical cancer is to improve ____.
Quality of life
What is the recommended follow-up schedule after cervical cancer treatment?
Regular check-ups every 3 to 6 months for the first 2 years.
Which type of surgery is used to remove the cervix and surrounding tissue?
Conization
True or False: Radiation therapy can be used as a primary treatment for cervical cancer.
True
What is the purpose of a biopsy in diagnosing cervical cancer?
To obtain tissue for histological examination.
What lifestyle change can help reduce the risk of cervical cancer?
Quitting smoking
What is the role of genetic counseling in cervical cancer?
To assess hereditary risk factors and guide screening.
What is the typical age range for cervical cancer screening to begin?
Age 21
Fill in the blank: Cervical cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to ____.
Lack of symptoms
What is a common side effect of radiation therapy for cervical cancer?
Fatigue
What is the importance of HPV testing in cervical cancer screening?
It helps identify high-risk HPV types that may lead to cervical cancer.
What is the most common type of ovarian cancer?
Epithelial ovarian cancer.
True or False: Ovarian cancer symptoms are often vague and non-specific.
True.
Which biomarker is commonly used in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer?
CA-125.
Fill in the blank: The staging system commonly used for ovarian cancer is the __________ system.
FIGO.
What is the primary treatment modality for early-stage ovarian cancer?
Surgery.
True or False: Chemotherapy is typically used as the first line of treatment for all stages of ovarian cancer.
False.
What imaging technique is often used to evaluate ovarian tumors?
Ultrasound.
What does the term ‘debulking’ refer to in the context of ovarian cancer treatment?
Surgical removal of as much tumor as possible.
What are common signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer?
Bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, and frequent urination.
True or False: Ovarian cancer can be diagnosed with a simple blood test.
False.
What is the role of genetic testing in ovarian cancer?
To identify hereditary cancer syndromes, such as BRCA mutations.
What is the purpose of staging in ovarian cancer?
To determine the extent of cancer spread and guide treatment options.
Fill in the blank: Stage IV ovarian cancer indicates __________.
Distant metastasis.
What is the typical follow-up care after ovarian cancer treatment?
Regular monitoring for signs of recurrence and managing side effects.
What is the significance of ascites in ovarian cancer patients?
It can indicate advanced disease and may require intervention.
What is the common post-operative complication after ovarian cancer surgery?
Infection or venous thromboembolism.
True or False: Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for ovarian cancer.
False.
What role does palliative care play in ovarian cancer treatment?
To improve quality of life and manage symptoms.
What is a common side effect of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer?
Nausea and vomiting.
True or False: Early detection significantly improves the prognosis for ovarian cancer.
True.
What lifestyle modifications can help in the management of ovarian cancer?
Healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco.
What is the importance of clinical trials in ovarian cancer treatment?
To investigate new therapies and improve existing treatments.
What is the function of a multidisciplinary team in the care of ovarian cancer patients?
To provide comprehensive care involving various specialties.
What is the purpose of a pelvic exam in the context of ovarian cancer?
To assess for abnormalities in the ovaries and surrounding structures.
Fill in the blank: The most common presenting symptom in advanced ovarian cancer is __________.
Abdominal distension.
What is the most common symptom of endometrial cancer?
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
True or False: Endometrial cancer is more common in premenopausal women.
False
What is the primary diagnostic test for endometrial cancer?
Endometrial biopsy
Fill in the blank: The staging system used for endometrial cancer is called the _____ system.
FIGO
Which stage of endometrial cancer indicates that the cancer has spread beyond the uterus?
Stage II and higher
What imaging test is commonly used to assess the spread of endometrial cancer?
Transvaginal ultrasound
True or False: The presence of endometrial hyperplasia increases the risk of developing endometrial cancer.
True
What is the first-line treatment for early-stage endometrial cancer?
Surgical intervention (hysterectomy)
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for endometrial cancer? A) Obesity B) Early menopause C) Age over 50 D) Diabetes
B) Early menopause
What is the recommended follow-up care after treatment for endometrial cancer?
Regular pelvic exams and imaging as needed
Fill in the blank: Endometrial cancer is most commonly diagnosed in women aged _____ and older.
50
Which type of endometrial cancer is more aggressive: Type I or Type II?
Type II
What is the role of chemotherapy in endometrial cancer treatment?
It is typically used for advanced or recurrent disease.
True or False: Hormonal therapy is an option for treating endometrial cancer.
True
What does the term ‘grade’ refer to in endometrial cancer?
The differentiation of cancer cells and how aggressive the cancer is.
Which symptom should prompt immediate medical evaluation for endometrial cancer?
Postmenopausal bleeding
What is the purpose of a hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer?
To visualize the inside of the uterus and obtain tissue samples.
Fill in the blank: The most common type of endometrial cancer is _____ carcinoma.
adenocarcinoma
What is the significance of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer staging?
It indicates a higher stage and potentially worse prognosis.
True or False: Radiation therapy is commonly used as a primary treatment for endometrial cancer.
False
What is the main goal of palliative care in endometrial cancer?
To improve quality of life and relieve symptoms.
Which of the following is a common side effect of chemotherapy? A) Hair loss B) Increased appetite C) Weight gain D) Improved energy
A) Hair loss
What genetic syndrome is associated with a higher risk of endometrial cancer?
Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer)
Fill in the blank: The typical treatment plan for advanced endometrial cancer may include _____ and radiation therapy.
chemotherapy
What is the purpose of genetic counseling for patients with endometrial cancer?
To assess risk for hereditary cancer syndromes and inform treatment options.
