Care of newborn Flashcards
APGAR Score
APGAR = infants. GCS = Children
A score of 7-10 = normal
4 - 7 may require some resuscitation
Apgar scores of 3 & below requires immediate resuscitation
APGAR
A
Appearance (Skin color)
0 (Blue-gray)
1 (Normal, except for extremities)
2 (Normal over entire body)
APGAR
(Pulse)
0 - No pulse
1 - Below 100 bpm
2 - ABove 100 bpm
APGAR
Grimace
(Reflex Irritability)
0: No response
1: Grimace
2: Sneeze, cough, pulls away
APGAR
Activity (Muscle Tone)
0: Absent
1: Arms & Legs Flexed
2: Active Movement
APGAR
Respiration
0: Absent
1: Slow, irregular
2: Good, crying
What is the normal range for a newborn’s heart rate?
120 to 160 beats per minute.
True or False: Newborns can regulate their body temperature effectively.
False.
What is the Apgar score used for?
To assess the physical condition of a newborn shortly after birth.
Fill in the blank: The first stool passed by a newborn is called _______.
meconium.
What is the typical weight range for a newborn at birth?
5.5 to 8.8 pounds (2.5 to 4 kg).
What is the primary purpose of skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth?
To promote bonding and regulate the newborn’s temperature.
True or False: Breastfeeding should begin within the first hour after birth.
True.
What are common signs of newborn distress?
Cyanosis, poor feeding, lethargy, and abnormal breathing.
What is jaundice in newborns?
A condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to high bilirubin levels.
What immunization is typically given to newborns before discharge?
Hepatitis B vaccine.
Fill in the blank: Newborns typically lose ______% of their birth weight in the first week.
7 to 10.
What is the recommended position for a newborn during sleep?
On their back.
True or False: Newborns have fully developed vision at birth.
False.
What is the primary role of a registered nurse in newborn care?
To monitor the health and developmental needs of the newborn and educate parents.
What should be monitored for signs of infection in newborns?
Temperature, feeding patterns, and behavior changes.
What is the significance of the ‘golden hour’ after birth?
It refers to the first hour after birth when bonding and breastfeeding are encouraged.
Fill in the blank: Newborns typically exhibit a reflex called the _______ reflex when startled.
Moro.
What are the signs of dehydration in a newborn?
Fewer wet diapers, dry mouth, and lethargy.
What is the importance of vitamin K for newborns?
It helps prevent bleeding disorders.
True or False: Newborns can be bathed immediately after birth.
False.
What is the recommended frequency for feeding a newborn?
Every 2 to 3 hours.
What is the purpose of a newborn screening test?
To detect certain genetic, metabolic, or endocrine disorders early.
What is the term for the soft spot on a newborn’s skull?
Fontanelle.
Fill in the blank: The _______ reflex allows newborns to grasp objects placed in their palms.
palmar.
What is the recommended duration for exclusive breastfeeding?
At least the first 6 months.
What should a nurse do if a newborn has a high bilirubin level?
Monitor closely and consider phototherapy.
True or False: It is safe for newborns to sleep with soft bedding.
False.
What does APGAR stand for?
Apgar is an acronym for Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration.
What is the purpose of the APGAR score?
The APGAR score is used to assess the health of a newborn immediately after birth.
True or False: The APGAR score is assessed at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
True.
Fill in the blank: A score of ___ or higher on the APGAR scale is generally considered normal.
7
What score indicates a need for immediate medical intervention?
A score of 3 or lower.
Which APGAR component assesses skin color?
Appearance.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT part of the APGAR assessment? A) Pulse B) Reflexes C) Temperature D) Respiration
C) Temperature.
What is the maximum score a newborn can achieve on the APGAR scale?
10.
True or False: A newborn with a score of 4 requires resuscitation.
True.
What nursing action is indicated for a newborn with a low APGAR score?
Provide immediate resuscitation if necessary.
Fill in the blank: The ___ component of APGAR measures the heart rate of the newborn.
Pulse.
What does a grimace response indicate in the APGAR assessment?
It indicates the newborn’s reflex response to stimuli.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following would score a 0 in the ‘Activity’ category? A) Active movement B) Some flexion of extremities C) None D) Flexed posture
C) None.
What is the significance of the APGAR score at the 5-minute mark?
It helps to assess the effectiveness of resuscitation efforts and the newborn’s transition to extrauterine life.
True or False: A newborn’s APGAR score can improve between the 1-minute and 5-minute assessments.
True.
What nursing management should be performed for a newborn with an APGAR score of 6?
Monitor closely and provide supportive care.
Fill in the blank: The ___ component of APGAR evaluates the newborn’s breathing effort.
Respiration.
What is an abnormal finding in the ‘Appearance’ category of the APGAR score?
Cyanosis or pallor.
Multiple Choice: A newborn scoring a 2 in the ‘Pulse’ category has a heart rate of: A) 0 B) Below 100 C) Above 100 D) Irregular
C) Above 100.
What nursing intervention is appropriate for a newborn with an APGAR score of 5?
Provide stimulation and reassess in a few minutes.
True or False: The APGAR score is used to predict long-term health outcomes for newborns.
False.
What is the first step in nursing management for a newborn with a low APGAR score?
Ensure a clear airway.
Fill in the blank: A score of ___ in the ‘Grimace’ category indicates no response to stimuli.
0
Multiple Choice: Which APGAR score would indicate the best condition? A) 3 B) 5 C) 8 D) 10
D) 10.
What does a score of 1 in the ‘Respiration’ category indicate?
Weak or irregular breathing.
True or False: The APGAR score is only relevant for the first few hours after birth.
True.
What action should be taken if a newborn’s APGAR score does not improve?
Initiate advanced resuscitation protocols.
Fill in the blank: The APGAR assessment is performed at ___ and ___ minutes after birth.
1; 5
What is the role of nursing staff during the APGAR assessment?
To perform the assessment and document the scores accurately.
Multiple Choice: Which score indicates that the newborn is in distress? A) 7 B) 4 C) 8 D) 10
B) 4.
