Wolsey's rise to power Flashcards
How did Wolsey use Patronage?
.Became one of Henry Tudor’s court chaplains.
.1513 - Bishop of Tournai and Dean of York.
.1514 - Bishop of Lincoln and Archbishop of York.
.1515 - Cardinal, Lord Chancellor.
.1516 - Lord Privy Seal.
How did Wolsey use talent?
.1510 - Fox recommended him - appointed to Counsel.
.Switched to support war/ helped against France.
.Key contacts e.g. Marquis of Dorset.
.Dorset helped, then Nanfan, then to Henry Tudor.
.Observed court politics and extended contacts on embassies.
.Intelligent, eloquant, hard-working, administration/organisation, ambitious, good networking.
How did Wolsey use the removal of opposition?
.Gained positions after Beaufort’s death.
.Brandon lost support - Wolsey gained Suffolk’s gratitude.
.Surrey not strong enough to stop him.
.Buckingham tried and executed under Wolsey’s persuasion to King.
What were the Eltham Ordinances?
.1526 - Reform Privy Council finances and Royal Household.
.Proposed to reduce royal household expenditure.
.Reduced the number of Privy Chamber Gentlemen to 6 - removed Crompton.
.Changed Groom of the Stool to Norris.
.20 members of Council Attendant.
.Used small print to carry out duties elsewhere.
.Did well but came to nothing - other ways to maintain power.
What was the Tudor Subsidy Act?
.National committee set up to raise extraordinary revenue.
.Replace fifteenths and tenths - not done by local commissioners.
.£322,099, 240,000 clerical tax, 260,000 forced loans but spent 1.7 million 1509-20.
.Not enough raised - led to Amicable Grant.
.Realistic - based on valuations of taxpayers’ wealth.
.Levied 4x, 1513-1515 and 1523 - 300,000 - 1 shilling for 50 pound land and 1 shilling for pound on savings and goods.
.Not enough raised for war.
What was Amicable Grant?
.1525 - Tax for French expedition.
.Laity and clergy to pay.
.London resisted, 20,000 in East Anglia resisted.
.East Anglia rebelled - not paid - 1522/3 forced loans not repaid and 1523 subsidy collected.
.Henry had to pardon them after Country resistance.
.Wolsey to blame - almost left France and led to Eltham Ordinances.
What other finance policies were there?
.1515 Act of Resumption - Increase Crown Land Revenue.
.Many granted away at reign start - decreased to 25,000 a year.
.1522 - Forced Loan of 250,000 - 1532 not repaid so forced to call Parliament.
What was the Star Chamber?
.1487 - Cheap and Fair Justice - misconduct. Private lawsuits - root out corruption, challenge nobility power.
.Wolsey was President.
.Too much - overflow tribunals established.
.1519 - committee for cases of the poor - gained in popularity.
.White Hall - ancestor of Court of Requests.
.Ordinary people cases - 1685 cases 10x Henry VII.
What was the Court of Chancery?
.Justice - enclosure, land, contracts - Wolsey could preside over it.
.Legal precedents - contracts, property, wills - Judicial committee for the poor.
.Not successful - too popular and slow justice.
.7526 cases.
What was the enclosure commission?
.Acting against landowners - 1517 enquiry, 264 legal proceedings, 222 went to court, 188 clear verdicts e.g. Thomas More.
.1515 - 17 commissions - abandoned due to subsidy 18 months later.
.Northumberland imprisoned and Sheffield in Tower of London.
What other legal policies were there?
London - Justices of Peace and Sheriffs ordered to renew loyalty oaths.
What reforms of the monasteries occurred?
.Papal Legate - precedence over Canterbury.
.Reforming intentions - 30 houses dissolved - built Ipswich and Oxford colleges.
.Suppressed them - Cardinal College founded.
.Italians in bishoprics?
. Interfered in administration.
.More centralised - took orders from Crown.
.Little changes made but Church reformed.
.Didn’t visit dioceses - propaganda, unpopular, clergy.
What Acts were there against Lutherans?
.1521 - public book burnings.
.1526 - recantation of book heretics.
.Debatable success.
What policies were there in Parliament?
.1515 - Acts of resumption - regain lands for the Crown.
.1515 - Dismissed until 1523 - not criticise Church.
.Had to ask for 800,000 n 1523 - voted 150,000.
.More apologised to King - Wolsey lied and persuaded King he was right.
