wmm Flashcards
who was the wmm proposed by what what year
Baddeley & Hitch (1974)
what did b&h say the working memory is
a temporary storage system under attentional control that is the basis for the capacity for complex thought
what are active component stores
This model suggests that the STM does not consist of a single unitary store as the Multi Store Model suggested, but it consists of ACTIVE component stores
-These hold different pieces of information at any one time while they are being ‘worked’ on
what does the working memory replace in the msm
stm
what did baddeley notice from the experimental research into dual processing in STM
That participants who were asked to perform two similar tasks simultaneously performed less well compared to when they were asked to perform two dissimilar tasks simultaneously
which dd baddeley notice in his experimental research into dual process
Participants who listened to two pieces of information at the same time, or looked at two pieces of information at the same time, became confused. -However, participants were very able to listen to a piece of information whilst looking at something else
name all the components of the wmm
- central executive
- visuo-spatial sketchpad
- phonological loop
- episodic buffer
what is the central executive
it is the control centre which acts as a processor dealing with incoming information and sending it to the sub systems
does the central executive have specific modality and where does it process it’s info
- it has a non-specific modality
- processes information from any of the five senses
what is the CE’s role
-It is to direct attention to particular task
-It is involved in monitoring and coordinating information and making decisions which ‘slave systems’ (the other components) to allocate the resources to.
what is the CE’s capacity
- the CE has a very limited capacity as it can’t attend to too much information at once
- has virtually no capacity to store data (as it isn’t a ‘store’)
give examples of when CE is used for cognitive functions
mental arithmetic, problem solving, comprehension tasks and switching our attention between tasks
where does the CE direct sound based info to
The phonological loop which has acoustic coding
what is the phonological loop used for
Speaking and listening tasks
what two sub-systems is the phonological loop divided into
Phonological store
Articulatory control system
what is the phonological store
-Holds the memory of sounds and stores the words heard
-Verbal information is kept in a speech based format for 1-2 seconds. It is known as the inner ear
what is the articulatory control system
- Rehearses information through sub-vocalisation (‘talking to yourself in your mind) to keep the information ‘alive’ within the store
- It is known as the inner voice
what is the visuo-spatial sketchpad
A temporary storage system used for the manipulation, planning and understanding of visual information & spatial information
when is the visuo-spatial sketchpad used
whenever navigation and interaction with the physical environment is needed
what are the 2 sub-systems of the visuo-spatial sketchpad
-Visual cache - stores visual data regarding form (what things look like), colour and shape
-Inner scribe - stores spatial and movement data
This involves rehearsing information from the visual cache
eg the relationship between objects like remembering how to plan your way around college
when was the episodic buffer added
2000
what does the episodic buffer do
It explains how information incoming from short-term memory can be integrated into the long-term memory (i.e. by acting as a ‘buffer’)
how does the episodic buffer hold info as
It is episodic in nature as it holds information as episodes and scenes within our memory and maintains a sense of time so events occur in a continuing sequence
