WMD Flashcards
What does CBRNE stand for?
Chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear, explosive
What should be anticipated during WMD incidents?
Multiple events
What should first responders be aware of during these events and where might they be found?
Secondary devices and they can be found in mailboxes, trash cans, unattended backpacks, etc
What Code of Federal Regulation defines terrorism?
28 CFR
What is terrorism defined as?
The unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives.
What is a key element for a terrorist?
Symbolism
Ex: government buildings, mass transit facilities, public buildings, controversial businesses
What are some size up factors?
- Time of day
- Weather
-Dispatch info
-Type and scope of the event
-Vapor cloud
-Historic anniversaries
What does SLUDGEM stand for?
Salivation, lacrimation, urination, defication, gastrointestinal upset, emesis, miosis
What is an acronym used to describe the signs of a person exposed to chemical warfare agents and organophosphates?
SLUDGEM
What antidotes do we carry that counteract the effect of chemical warfare agents and where can more be found?
CHEMPACKS. Large quantities are held by the CDC and SNS (strategic national stockpile). They can be requested through the Northern Virginia Regional Hospital Coordination Center (RHCC)
What are some basic responsibilities of the first responder during a WMD event? ECCE
- Ensure safety of response personnel
- Conduct a continuous size up
- Collect intelligence
- Establish objectives for the incident
What are some considerations for decon?
- Establish it uphill and upwind
- Be alert for secondary devices
- Clothing removal and other forms of decon
- Coordinate decon with EMS triage activities
What types of decon are there for first responders?
Two main types.
-Emergency Gross decon: single hose line
-Mass Decon: set up with engines 15-20’ apart
Who can assist with locating and disposing of secondary devices?
EOD- Explosive Ordinance Disposal
Any explosive detonation should be considered ______ until it can be ruled out by detection and monitoring.
Dirty
When should victims be decontaminated?
In the warm zone, prior to transport if possible
What are control zones?
Hot, cold, and warm zones
What is the most prevalent type of terrorist event?
Explosive
How far away should you be when using two way radios if there is a potentially explosive device present?
300 ft
EMR from data terminal devices and cell phones in the apparatus can cause these devices to detonate
How far away should responders stage from the site of an explosion?
500 ft or where debris/damage is first encountered
Where should secondary units stage?
Further away than the primary units. They should also avoid line-of-sight areas and stage away from buildings with large amounts of glass
What should you do if multiple threats have been called in for the same area?
Avoid using a pre-planned staging area nearby or predictable staging location
When should MDTs and vehicle radios be shut down?
Within 300 ft of the site because they are powerful transmitters. Portable radios can be left on to monitor traffic but should not transmit within 50 ft
What are some secondary hazards?
- Unstable structures
- Damaged utilities
- Secondary devices
- Patients with a secondary device
- Bloodborne pathogens
What classifications are there for explosives?
High order (HE): deafening, supersonic, over-pressurization shock wave
Low order (LE): supersonic explosion that lacks over-pressurization
What are the 4 basic mechanism of blast injuries?
- Primary: HE, Gas filled organs are affected, blast lung, traumatic amputations, and fatalities
- Secondary: flying debris/bomb fragments, penetrating or blunt injuries
- Tertiary: Closed head injuries, any body part can be impacted
- Quaternary: thermal burns, crush injuries, respiratory complications from dust or smoke
In what two ways will biological agent attacks be presented?
- Focused response: single known point, source of contamination
- Public health emergency: large number of victims who begin to experience the same symptoms