Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hazmat > WMD > Flashcards

WMD Flashcards

1
Q

What does CBRNE stand for?

A

Chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear, explosive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should be anticipated during WMD incidents?

A

Multiple events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should first responders be aware of during these events and where might they be found?

A

Secondary devices and they can be found in mailboxes, trash cans, unattended backpacks, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What Code of Federal Regulation defines terrorism?

A

28 CFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is terrorism defined as?

A

The unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a key element for a terrorist?

A

Symbolism

Ex: government buildings, mass transit facilities, public buildings, controversial businesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some size up factors?

A
  • Time of day
  • Weather
    -Dispatch info
    -Type and scope of the event
    -Vapor cloud
    -Historic anniversaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does SLUDGEM stand for?

A

Salivation, lacrimation, urination, defication, gastrointestinal upset, emesis, miosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an acronym used to describe the signs of a person exposed to chemical warfare agents and organophosphates?

A

SLUDGEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What antidotes do we carry that counteract the effect of chemical warfare agents and where can more be found?

A

CHEMPACKS. Large quantities are held by the CDC and SNS (strategic national stockpile). They can be requested through the Northern Virginia Regional Hospital Coordination Center (RHCC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some basic responsibilities of the first responder during a WMD event? ECCE

A
  • Ensure safety of response personnel
  • Conduct a continuous size up
  • Collect intelligence
  • Establish objectives for the incident
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some considerations for decon?

A
  • Establish it uphill and upwind
  • Be alert for secondary devices
  • Clothing removal and other forms of decon
  • Coordinate decon with EMS triage activities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What types of decon are there for first responders?

A

Two main types.

-Emergency Gross decon: single hose line

-Mass Decon: set up with engines 15-20’ apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who can assist with locating and disposing of secondary devices?

A

EOD- Explosive Ordinance Disposal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Any explosive detonation should be considered ______ until it can be ruled out by detection and monitoring.

A

Dirty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When should victims be decontaminated?

A

In the warm zone, prior to transport if possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are control zones?

A

Hot, cold, and warm zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most prevalent type of terrorist event?

A

Explosive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How far away should you be when using two way radios if there is a potentially explosive device present?

A

300 ft

EMR from data terminal devices and cell phones in the apparatus can cause these devices to detonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How far away should responders stage from the site of an explosion?

A

500 ft or where debris/damage is first encountered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where should secondary units stage?

A

Further away than the primary units. They should also avoid line-of-sight areas and stage away from buildings with large amounts of glass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What should you do if multiple threats have been called in for the same area?

A

Avoid using a pre-planned staging area nearby or predictable staging location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When should MDTs and vehicle radios be shut down?

A

Within 300 ft of the site because they are powerful transmitters. Portable radios can be left on to monitor traffic but should not transmit within 50 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some secondary hazards?

A
  • Unstable structures
  • Damaged utilities
  • Secondary devices
  • Patients with a secondary device
  • Bloodborne pathogens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What classifications are there for explosives?
High order (HE): deafening, supersonic, over-pressurization shock wave Low order (LE): supersonic explosion that lacks over-pressurization
26
What are the 4 basic mechanism of blast injuries?
- Primary: HE, Gas filled organs are affected, blast lung, traumatic amputations, and fatalities - Secondary: flying debris/bomb fragments, penetrating or blunt injuries - Tertiary: Closed head injuries, any body part can be impacted - Quaternary: thermal burns, crush injuries, respiratory complications from dust or smoke
27
In what two ways will biological agent attacks be presented?
- Focused response: single known point, source of contamination - Public health emergency: large number of victims who begin to experience the same symptoms
28
What is the most important route of exposure for biological agents?
Inhalation
29
What provides an excellent natural barrier to biological agents? What agent would be an exception?
Skin is an excellent barrier but T-2 Mycotoxins would be an exception.
30
Indicators of a biological attack
- Unusual number of sick or dying people or animals - Suspicious bombing incidents - Unusual dissemination of sprayed materials - Casualties distributed with wind direction
31
What are the primary and secondary forms of harm that can occur during a biological event?
Primary: Etiological; approach uphill and upwind Secondary: Chemical/mechanical; stay out of contaminated areas
32
What types of PPE are good for protection from a focused response?
Structural PPE, Level B, Level C
33
Biological agents will or will not produce illness or symptoms in a rapid manner?
Will not
34
What categorizes biological agents?
- Bacteria: A unicellular micro-organism that has cell walls but lacks organelles and an organized nucleus - Viruses: An infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host. - Toxins: Poisonous substances produced by certain micro-organisms, animals, and plants.
35
Examples of biological agents
- Anthrax - Ricin - Botulism - Smallpox - Plague
36
Through what methods can recognition of biological agents occur? (I.D.D.D.)
- Identification - Discovery - Diagnosis - Detection
37
What is the delay between the exposure and onset of illness described as?
The incubation period. This can range from hours to weeks
38
What will the severity and scope of chemical agent incidents be determined by?
- Chemical and physical properties of the agent - Dissemination methods - Quantity released - Environmental factors Chemical agents have the ability to cause mass casualties in a short period of time.
39
What TWO GROUPS are chemical agents divided into?
- Toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) - Chemical warfare agents Some chemicals, such as chlorine, can be classified as both
40
Where can TICs be found in large quantities?
- Industrial settings - Bulk storage - Transportation
41
Why do TICs present a unique challenge?
Because of the quantity and easy access to them.
42
Examples of toxic industrial chemicals (TICs)
- Chlorine - Sulfur dioxide - Phosgene - Anhydrous ammonia - Concentrated sulfuric acid
43
Why are chemical agent disseminated easily but not effectively?
They are usually heavier than air and have a low vapor pressure.
44
Chemical agents tend to affect people immediately. What agent is an exception to that rule?
Mustard agents, it can take between 2-48 hours.
45
What form of respiratory protection can be used for these events?
APRs and PAPRs
46
What is the key factor for overall successful response? When is it most effective?
Decontamination within minutes of exposure
47
Where should apparatus be staged for Chemical events?
300 feet from event, uphill and upwind
48
Who should decon begin with?
Symptomatic patients
49
In a purely chemical event what system of triage is not applicable?
START system. However, it may be used if the chemical event is combined with an event causing traumatic injuries.
50
What is a Clandestine lab?
A place where controlled substances used for drugs are secretly manufactured
51
What is LQC and what does it help determine?
It refers to location, quantity, and combination of materials in a given area that helps first responders determine whether or not a situation is suspicious.
52
What can be a hazard for first responders in clandestine labs?
Booby traps
53
Do not use radios within _____ of a suspected lab. Why?
300 ft. Some booby traps may be RF controlled
54
What is a the most commonly produced gas in chemical suicides?
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
55
What should you do if a chemical suicide is suspected? What should be done prior to transport of a viable patient?
Call for a hazardous materials response. Gross emergency decontamination.
56
What happens when aluminum phosphide comes into contact with moisture? What is the IDLH?
Phosphine gas is created. The IDLH is 50ppm
57
What does TRACEM stand for?
Thermal Radiological Asphyxiant Chemical Etiological Mechanical
58
Define contamination
The process of transferring a hazardous material from its source to people, equipment, or the environment. The material remains in contact and creates a continuing risk of injury or harm
59
Define exposure
An incident of contact or an encounter with a hazardous chemical, biological, or energetic agent.
60
Define pathogen
ANY organism capable of producing serious disease or death. Bacteria, fungi, viruses.
61
Define public health emergency
An incident which may or has the potential to spread illness to the public
62
Define RAD
Short for radiation. Any material that emits ionizing radiation and has a specific activity greater than .002 microcuries per gram.
63
Define Roentgen
A unit of measure for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays
64
Define WMD
- Any explosive, incendiary, poison gas, bomb, grenade, or rocket having a propellant charge of more than 4oz - A missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than 1/4 oz, or mine or device similar to the above. - Any weapon involving a disease or organism, or that is designed to release radiation at a level dangerous to human life.
65
Nerve Agents
Routes of entry: Multiple Targets the CNS and has multiple routes of entry. Symptoms: SLUDGEM, seizures, presents the same as exposure to organophosphates - Tabun (GA) - Sarin (GB) - Soman (GD) - VX
66
Blister Agents
Route of entry: Absorption Targets skin, eyes, and respiratory tract Symptoms: Blistering, redness, burning, itching - Mustard gas (HD) - Lewisite (L) - Phosgene Oxide (CX)
67
Choking Agents
Route of entry: Inhalation Targets lungs and mucus membranes Symptoms: Irritation of eyes, nose, throat. SOB 2-24 hours later. Laryngeal spasm - Chlorine (Cl) - Phosgene (PS) - Diphosgene (DP)
68
Blood Agents
Routes of entry: Inhalation, Absorption Targets CNS, heart, cellular level. Prevents oxygen exchange. Symptoms: convulsions, cessation of breathing and heartbeat - Arsine - CO - Cyanogen Chloride - Hydrogen Cyanide
69
Riot Control Agents
Route of entry: Absorption Targets mucus membranes Symptoms: pain, burning, respiratory discomfort, tingling skin - Pepper spray (OC) - Chloroacetophenone (CN) - Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS)

Hazmat (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions