WK7+8 - Hand Flashcards
What is the triangular fibrocartilage ?
It is a fibrocartilage on the distal ulna that binds that radius and ulna and enables pronation and supination
List all 8 carpals using the mnemonic “ She Looks Too Pretty, Try To Catch Her”
Proximal
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Distal
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Which bones make up the following joints ? (a) radiocarpal (b) Midcarpal (c) Carpometacarpal (d) metacarpophalangeal (e) Proximal Interphalangeal joint (f) distal interphalangeal joint
(a) radius and proximal carpals
(b) proximal and distal row of carpals
(c) distal carpals and metacarpals
(d) metacarpal and proximal phalanges
(e) proximal phalanx and middle phalanx
(f) middle and distal phalanx
What are the 4 main ligaments surrounding the wrist ?
Radio Carpal: palmar and dorsal
Collateral: ulnar and radial
Name the myotomes for the following: (a) wrist flexion (b) wrist extension (c) Finger abduction and adduction (d) Thumb Extension
(a) C7
(b) C6
(c) T1
(d) C8
What are the palmar ligaments/ plates and what is their job ?
small anterior ligaments at the PIP that prevent hyperextension of the fingers
Describe the following fascia of the hand; (a) palmar aponeurosis (b) fibrous digital sheaths
(a) continuation of palmaris longus tendon if present, connects to flexor retinaculum and proximal metacarpals
(b) tube like structures that encapsulate the phalanges
How is an infection able to spread from the hand to the forearm ?
Midpalmar space is continous with the anterior compartment of the forearm through the carpal tunnel
Describe the carpal tunnel: boundaries and contents
The carpal tunnel is tunnel whose roof is the flexor retinaculum down to the carpals and the space between their ligaments, it contains 9 tendons; 4 from FDS, 4 FDP, 1 FPL; and 1 nerve the median nerve
How does the tunnel of guyon differ from the carpal tunnel ?
The tunnel of guyon is where the ulnar nerve passes through the flexor retinaculum
List which muscles travel through each compartment of the extensor retinaculum.
C1: Abductor Pollicis Longus, Extensor pollicis brevis
C2: Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
C3: Extensor pollicis longus
C4: Extensor digitorum, Extensor Indicis
C5: Extensor digiti minimi
C6: Extensor carpi ulnaris
Explain how the extensor expansion works to extend the fingers.
The interossei and lumbricals connect to expansion and extend the fingers when flexed.
Describe the arteries of the hand starting at the elbow.
The radial and ulnar arteries give rise to the superficial and deep palmar arches respectively, the venous system follows closely
What are the dermatomes of the hand and what is the periphery nerve sensory distribution to the hand.
Dermatomes:
The thumb till the middle of the index finger; C6
The middle of the indicis to the middle of the ring; C7
the middle of the ring to the pinky; C8
Peripheral Nerves:
Palmar Side; digits 4+5, ulnar; digits 1+3 Median; lower portion of digit 1 radial
Dorsal Side; digits 4 + 5, ulnar; tip digits 1-3, median; base and surface of digits 1-3, radial nerve.
What are the myotomes of the hand ?
Ant: median nerve, 1-4th digit; ulnar, 4th and 5th
Post: radial nerve, 1-4; ulnar nerve 4th and 5th digit
