Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MTM > Wk3 Structure & Function of Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Wk3 Structure & Function of Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is a fibroblast?

A

Provides structural and metabolic support to other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which fibres are needed?

A

Elastin, fibrous collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does ground substance do?

A

Acts as a barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are cells of connective tissue?

A
  • Fibroblast
  • Plasma cells (clock face) - antibodies
  • Apidocyte = nucleus on outer line, rest washed away (glittering appearance)
  • Macrophage
  • Mast cell
  • Lymphocyte
  • Neutrophil
  • Eosinophils (tomato with glasses)
  • Fibrocyte (inactive state of fibroblast when finished depositing ground substance and fibres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are connective tissue fibres synthesised by?

A

Fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the different types of collagen?

A
  1. Abundantly distributed in body
  2. Seen in cartilage
  3. Reticular
  4. Basement membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Summary of collagen fibres properties

A
  • Thick
  • Tough
  • Do not branch
  • Bundles
  • Tensile strength
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Summary of reticular fibres (reticulin)

A
  • Type III collagen fibres
  • Thin
  • Delicate framework of organs like liver, spleen, lymph nodes etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Summary of elastic fibres (elastin) properties

A
  • Thin
  • Branching
  • Allows stretching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is ground substance made up of?

A
  • Hyaluronic acid backbone (GAG)

- Proteoglycan branches made up of: link protein, core protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Are ground substances hydrophilic or phobic?

A

Hydrophilic (traps water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are basic types of connective tissue?

A
  • Loose connective tissue
  • Dense connective tissue
  • Adipose tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
Be
So
Totally
Cool
Read 
Bought
Books
A

Type 1 collagen fibre = Bone, Skin, Tendon
Type 2 = Cartilage
Type 3 = Reticulin and Blood vessels
Type 4 = Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of mast cells and where are they derived from?

A
  • Bone marrow

- Release bioactive substances (histamine, heparin etc.) that mediate local inflammatory responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of blood cell are macrophages derived from?

A

Monocyte precursor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do macrophages and lymphocytes do?

A

Protection against specific viral and bacterial pathogens

17
Q

What are reticular fibres and what is their function?

A
  • Supportive stroma

- Scaffoldings

18
Q

What do reticular cells do?

A

Fibroblasts secreting reticular fibres

19
Q

What is white adipose tissue?

A
  • Subcutaneous (insulator)
  • Unilocular
  • Stores fat for energy release
  • Signet ring appearance on H&E
20
Q

What is brown adipose tissue?

A
  • Scapula
  • Multilocular
  • Thermogenesis
  • Rich in mitochondria and capillaries
  • Many small fat droplets - soap bubble appearance
21
Q

What is tendonitis?

A

Inflammation of tendons

- Tendons have a very poor blood supply, so don’t heal well

22
Q

What are elastic fibres composed of and describe the ultrastructural appearance of elastic fibres?

A
  • Elastin and scaffolding provided by fibrillar (a structural glycoprotein) both secreted by fibroblasts
  • Allow stretch and recoil of structures
  • Prevalent in lungs, skin, bladder and walls of elastic arteries e.g. aorta
  • Marfan’s syndrome - results from mutation in fibrillar gene - therefore, less resistance to stretch in tissues which normally have a lot of elastic fibres - risk of aortic aneurysms
23
Q

Fibres + Ground substance =

A

Extracellular matrix

24
Q

Give an overview of collagen fibres

A
  • Flexible yet have a higher tensile strength than steel

- If you stretch collagen fibres over 3% of their original length they break

25
Q

Give an overview of elastin fibres

A
  • Provide connective tissue with the ability to stretch and recoil back to its original shape
  • Tissues with a high elastic content in their matrix e.g. the cartilage of the ear will be more elastic than those with little (ligaments) or no elastin (tendons)
26
Q

Give an overview of ground substance

A
  • Fibres are embedded in an amorphous ground substance which is the component of connective tissue that occupies the space between the fibres and the cells
  • It is a viscous clear substance that feels very slippery because it is highly hydrated
  • Ground substance is composed of proteoglycans - highly hydrophobic molecules that trap water within the matrix
27
Q

Give an overview of cells

A
  • In dense connective tissues, only one cell cycle is present - the cell that produces the fibre and ground substance
  • In loose and dense connective tissue this cell is the fibroblast
28
Q

What is loose connective tissue?

A
  • Surrounds blood vessels within tissues and underlies the basement membrane of epithelia - it is the site of metabolic exchange between the capillary and the tissue it supplies
  • Composed largely of the hydrated ground substance with relatively few fibres (both collagen and elastin) and fibroblasts
  • Provides ideal environment for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between tissues and the blood
  • Therefore populated by macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells which act as mobile residents, and other white blood cells can be rapidly recruited from local blood vessels when required
  • Apidocytes
29
Q

What is dense connective tissue?

A
  • Provides tough physical support and protection
  • E.g. ligaments, tendons and in dermis of skin
  • Comprised largely of fibres where collagen fibres are arranged in a very orderly fashion
  • Dense irregular connective tissue - less ordered array of collagen fibres although same density
30
Q

What is metabolic exchange?

A

Responding to environmental stimuli using metabolic exchange controlled via homeostasis

31
Q

What do tendons do?

A

Connect muscles to bones

32
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

Connect bones to other bones

33
Q

what is an oedema?

A
  • caused by excess fluid becoming trapped in body tissues
  • accumulates in extracellular vascular spaces like ankles feet and legs
  • increases diffusion distance for oxygen and other nutrients
34
Q

how do you diagnose an oedema?

A
  • pressure applied, if fluid there will be a gap
35
Q

what is Marfan’s syndrome?

A
  • A defect in the gene that tells the body how to make fibrilin-1, which is a major constituent of microfibrils which form the frame for elastic fibres - artery wall breaks down and causes an aneurism

MTM (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions