Wk1

Question 1

What school of thought is interested in the structure of consciousness?

Answer 1

Structuralism

Question 2

What school of thought emphasises the role of psychological processes in helping individuals adapt to their environments?

Answer 2

Functionalism

Question 3

Psychodynamic Perspective - who, metaphor, principles and methods.

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud, Consciousness is like the tip of an iceberg, Behaviour is the result of unconscious processes, motivation and early experience, slips of the tongue, dreams and memory.

Question 4

Behaviourist Perspective - who, metaphor, principles and methods.

Answer 4

B.F. Skinner, Humans and animals are like machines, behaviour is learned by environmental consequences, experimentation with humans and animals.

Question 5

Humanistic Perspective - who, metaphor, principles and methods.

Answer 5

Carl Rogers, life is like a bottle of milk the cream rises to the top, behaviour and experience are shaped by the need to self-actualise, person-centered therapeutic approach - empathy and acceptance.

Question 6

Cognitive Perspective

Answer 6

Rene Descartes, the mind is like a computer, behaviour is the product of information processing, storage and transmission.

Question 7

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 7

Charles Darwin, life is like a race for survival and reproduction, psychological processes reflect evolutionary processes of natural selection, and deduction of explanations for traits and behaviours.

Question 8

Biopsychology

Answer 8

Investigates electrical and chemical processes in nervous system that underlie these mental events.

Question 9

Descartes

Answer 9

Human action follows from human intention - cognitive

Question 10

Democrities

Answer 10

Behaviour follows lawful patterns like everything else in the universe

Question 11

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 11

Father of psychology - opened first psych lab in Germany

Question 12

Edward Titchner

Answer 12

Founder of structuralism - experimentation only method

Question 13

William James

Answer 13

Functionalism - emphasised role of function - first psych book

Question 14

Thomas Kuhn

Answer 14

History of science and found it progressed by developing paradigms and that psych does not have paradigms but perspectives

Question 15

Cartesian dualism

Answer 15

Dual spheres of mind and body

Question 16

Psychological boundary

Answer 16

Learning, emotions, thinking, attitudes, memory, perception, beliefs and stress management

Question 17

Biological boundary

Answer 17

Genetics, neurochemistry, medication, immune response, fight-flight and physiological

Question 18

Social boundary

Answer 18

Social support, family, interpersonal relationships, cultural traditions, medical care, socio-economic status, poverty, physical exercise and biofeedback.

Question 19

Diane is keeping an in-depth record of her conscious awareness including sensation, images, feelings, and thoughts that she is aware of experiencing. Diane is practising what Wundt would call:

Answer 19

Introspection

Question 20

My essay examines the relationship between conscious awareness and unconscious mental forces being analogous to the visible tip of an iceberg and the vast, submerged hulk that lies out of sight beneath the water. This notion best fits with which of the following perspectives?

Answer 20

Psychodynamic