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IMG1033 (MSK) > wk 9- upper extremity (elbow, hand, wrist) > Flashcards

wk 9- upper extremity (elbow, hand, wrist) Flashcards

1
Q

located on the dorsum wrist at level of scapho-lunate ligament

A

ganglion cyst

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2
Q

treatment for ganglion cyst

A

surgery or injected with steroid

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3
Q

tumor arise from tendon sheath bit DO NOT move with tendon motion

A

giant cell tumor

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4
Q

giant cell tumor origin

A

volar surface thumb, index and middle finger of DISTAL interphalangeal joining

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5
Q

common name for “nodular synovitis”

A

giant cell tumor

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6
Q
  • solid
  • hypoechoic
  • well defined margins
  • hypervascular on colour doppler
A

giant cell tumor

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7
Q

t/f: giant tumors move with tendon motion

A

false

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8
Q

often associated with raspberry skin

A

hemangioma

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9
Q

t/f hemangioma is malignant

A

false

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10
Q

hemangioma are ___ growing

A

slow

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11
Q

appear as hypo or hyperechoic and solid with varying degrees of vascularity

A

hemangioma

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12
Q

t/f: glomus tumors are very common

A

false

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13
Q

arise from neuromyoarterial apparatus in the dermis. Occurring under finger/ toe nails or at volar surface of finger tip

A

glomus tumor

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14
Q

few mm in size, solid, well defined with hypoechoic internal echogenicity & hypervascularity on doppler

A

glomus tumor

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15
Q

schwannoma are ____ located whereas neurofibroma are located ____

A

eccentrically

centrally

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16
Q

most ___ occur along the flexor surface of the forearm or hand

A

schwannoma

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17
Q

schwannoma age range

A

30-60yrs

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18
Q

neurofibroma age range

A

20-30 yrs

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19
Q

arise from the shwann cells of nerve

A

schwannoma

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20
Q

arise from the fasciculi, centrally within nerve

A

neurofibroma

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21
Q

nerve tumor that causes symptoms of tingling or pain

A

neurofibroma

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22
Q

t/f: schwannoma are asymptomatic

A

true

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23
Q

4 tendon pathologies

A
  1. tenosynovitis
  2. de quervian’s
  3. trigger finger
  4. trauma
24
Q

inflammation of the synovial lining of the tendon sheath

A

tenosynovitis

25
Q

fluid filled sheath with tendon seen in it. Fluid may be echo-free or have internal echoes/ debris

A

tenosynovitis

26
Q

involves the 1st extensor compartment

-abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicisbrevis sheath

A

de quervian’s

27
Q

de quervian’s is related to ___ side pain especially affected with ___ movement

A

radial

thumb

28
Q

fluid in tendon sheath surrounding normal appearing tendon at 1st extensor compartment

A

de quervian’s

29
Q

in de quervian’s the tendon sheath can be ____ & ____

A

thick & hypoechoic

30
Q

trigger finger most often affect the ___

A

thumb

31
Q

common age & gender for trigger finger is ___

A

female 40-60yrs

32
Q

presents with locking of the affected digit

A

trigger finger

33
Q

hypoechoic nodule on flexor tendon surface prox to A1 pulley system . Can have fluid in sheath and thickening of sheath. Also seen is small peritendinous cysts

A

trigger finger

34
Q

treatment of trigger finger

A
  • splinting
  • non-steroid drugs
  • injections
  • surgery
35
Q

avulsion of flexor digitorum tendon or ulnar collateral ligament avulsion

A

trauma

36
Q

sport that commonly causes avulsion of flexor digitorum tendon

A

volley ball

37
Q

avulsion flexor digitorum tendon occurs during

A

forced extension

38
Q

unable to flex the distal interphalangeal joint and avulsed tendon end recoils

A

avulsion of flexor digitorum tendon

39
Q

sport that commonly causes ulnar collateral ligament avulsion

A

skiing - falling with skii pole in hand

40
Q

abducted thumb becomes HYPERabducted avulsing in insertion of the ulnar collateral ligament from it’s proximal phalangeal insertion

A

ulnar ligament avulsion

41
Q

“stener lesion” results from

A

ulnar collateral ligament displacement

42
Q

ulnar collateral ligament avulsion at the level of the __ metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb

A

1st

43
Q

median nerve entrapment syndrome

A

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

44
Q

chronic tingling fingers often worse at night

A

CTS

45
Q

CTS is more common at age __ and gender ___

A

30-60yrs

female

46
Q

t/f: CTS is often bilateral

A

true

47
Q

a median nerve cross sectional area >__mm-squared is consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

15

48
Q

what is an indicator of joint pathology

A

joint effusion

49
Q

often secondary to cartilaginous loose body (freely moving in joint capsule post trauma)

A

joint effusion

50
Q

hyaline cartilage is no thicker than ___mm, if thicker than this then joint effusion is suspicious

A

1

51
Q

originate from synovial lining of joint or tendon sheath

A

elbow ganglion

52
Q

seen in the presence of inflammation or fluid as fluid filled with thickened synovium

A

olecranon bursitis

53
Q

lateral epicondylitis occurs ___ than medial epicondylitis

A

more

54
Q

tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis

55
Q

golfers elbow

A

medial epicondylitis

56
Q

___appears as:

-thickened, hypoechoic extensor tendon just proximal to joint space

A

epicondylitis

IMG1033 (MSK) (8 decks)

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