wk 7-8 (last bit before midterm) Flashcards
why we give IV fluids
- to provides hydration, electrolytes, meds, and nutrients to patients
- during surgeries to prevent dehydration because the patient can’t drink, has blood loss, or fasted before and after procedure
- when sick patients can’t take oral routes
- for dehydrated and hypotensive patients: hydration and inc blood volume
rate of IV fluids depends on
- reasons for administering fluids
- species
- any fluid additives
hourly fluid rate
amount given in one hour
drip rate
amount of drops a patient gets per amount of time
VTBI
volume to be infused; before given to patient
total volume infused
total amount of fluids that has been given to the patient
ggt
another acronym for drops
general set-up of an IV fluid bag
fluid bag, drip set with chamber and roller clamp (lock), needle, and IV catheter (t-port)
drip sets
based on size of patient; labeled by number of drops that make up 1 mL
macrodrip set
15 drops/mL; dogs over 10 kg
microdrip set
60 drops/mL; for dogs and cats less than 10 kg
criteria a veterinarian will use to choose the fluid rate
-animals weight
-amount of fluids/kg or lb given
-amount of time to be given over
other routes fluids can be given
oral: most common in large animals
SQ: more common in cats
intraosseous: catheter in bone; small exotics
intraperitoneal: very rare
continuous rate infusion
a medication is given continuously to maintain therapeutic levels of the medication the entire time it is being given
CRI
continuous rate of infusion
most common and less common uses of CRI’s
most common: analgesia (pain control), anesthesia; less common: antibiotics, anticonvulsants (seizure control), antiemetics (nausea or vomiting)
what information is needed to calculate a CRI
-weight of patient
-hourly fluid rate
-concentration of drug
-dose for the CRI (mg/kg/day)
some special considerations with CRI’s
insulin
