wk 4-6 quiz Flashcards
PO
by mouth
What 2 identifiers do we look for on a label on a drug bottle?
-labels on bottle (strength, quantity)
-pill/capsule identifiers (pill identifier, drugs.com)
What is the advantage of scored tablets over regular tablets?
easier to break; medications are distributed more thoroughly
What is a capsule?
have a gel covering housing medication
How long does it take a normal capsule to dissolve?
about 30 minutes
Should chewable medications be split? Why?
not unless scored; medication will crumbly - treat it like a treat; most common
Define bolus as it pertains to oral medications
used to administer large doses
Define extended release drugs. What is the abbreviation?
XR; dissolve slowly to release medication over a longer period of time
Define the strength of a drug.
in mg or g per tablet or capsule on medication package
How does multiple active ingredients affect the strength of a drug?
add them together to get the total
What things are needed to fill tablet/capsule prescriptions?
-weight of animal
-dosage
-dose
-tablet or capsule size
-frequency
-duration
formula to calculate a tablet or capsule dose
animals weight (kg) X dosage (un/kg) = dose in units
Explain the rounding guidelines for tablets and capsules.
tablets: round up to nearest 0.5 tablet
capsules: round up to nearest 1 capsule
Explain how we choose the strength of a tablet or capsule.
dose (mg) divided by tablet capsule strength (# of mg in each)
Describe what can happen if we give too much or too little of a drug.
complications of overdosing or the animal not getting enough medication for it to work
What should you do if you are unsure of a medication because there is a large difference between the calculated dose and the tablet or capsule sizes?
ask; try a different drug
SID, BID, TID, QID, and
EOD
24 hrs; 12 hrs; 8 hrs; 6 hrs; 48 hrs
Define duration and know the common duration for most antibiotics
length of time; 7-14 days or 1-2 wks
Know how to write out prescriptions in a clinic/hospital setting
use medical terminology for in clinic use or treatment sheet
Know how to write out prescriptions to send home with clients
write out everything if going home with client; no terminology or abbreviations
Explain dosage ranges and why they are important.
better dosing when choosing tablet/capsule size; calculate low and high end
Explain how to split tablets into 1/4 or 1/8
pill cutter
List an advantage and a disadvantage of combining different strengths of tablets or capsules
necessary for larger patient to get full dose; but can be confusing for client
dosage
amount of drug administered per unit
dose
amount of drug administered at one time
concentration
mg/mL, g/mL, g/L, % given on bottle/packaging
volume
in mL or L; amount of liquid drug given
Know how to find the concentration on a drug bottle
1% = 10mg/mL
final volume
dose in mg divided by concentration
volume formula
weight (kg) X dosage = dose (mg)/conc (mg/mL) = volume/dose (mL)
rounding for drugs usually
nearest 100th
Know the parts of a syringe
plunger - barrel - needle adapter - needle hub - shaft of needle - bevel
luer lock
locking mechanism
slip tip
no lock
1 mL
-small mark every 0.01 mL
-large every 0.1 mL
3 mL
-small every 0.1 mL
-large every 0.5 mL
6 mL
-small every 0.2 mL
-large every 1 mL
12 mL
-small every 0.2 mL
-large every 1 mL
20 mL
-small every 1 mL
-large every 5 mL
60 mL
-small every 2 mL
-large every 5 mL
Describe a multi use syringe gun and its use
large animals; 25-50 mL; switch every 10 animals usually
Describe insulin syringes and how they differ from regular syringes
they go by units
Explain common needle sizes
large: 16 and 18 gauge size
small: 20-25 gauge size; 23 most common
Describe the process of reconstitution
mixing a diluent such as sterile water or normal saline solution to liquefy a dehydrated substance
