wk 15 Flashcards
germicide
a chemical that kills microorganisms
bactericidal
a chemical that kills bacteria
virucidal
a chemical that kills viruses
fungicidal
a chemical that kills fungi
sporcidal
a chemical that kills spores
disinfectant
Substance that inhibits or prevents the growth of microbes on an inanimate object
antiseptic
Substance that inhibits or prevents the growth of microbes on living tissue
sterilization
any process that adequately destroys all types of microbial life, including bacteria, fungi, spores, and viruses.
asepsis
Absence of pathogenic microorganisms
Common Antiseptics and Disinfectant
Groups
*Alcohols
*Iodophors
*Chlorhexidine
*Quaternary Ammonium compound
Alcohols
*70% isopropyl alcohol
*Used as both disinfectant and antiseptic
*Bactericidal against gram negative and gram positive, some virucidal
*No residual activity
*Flammable
Iodophors
- Halogen group
- Complexes of iodine and a carrier
- Betadine®, Povidine®
- Used as mainly an antiseptic but also can be used to disinfect
- Antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties
- Inactivated by organic material
- Minimal residual effect
- Can cause skin irritation
Chlorhexidine
- Antiseptic
- Broad spectrum antimicrobial
- Antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties
- More effective against gram positive than gram negative
- Some residual effect
- Nolvasan®, Hibiclens®, Virosan®
- Least irritating antiseptic
- Scrub and solution formulations
Quaternary Ammonium compounds
*Disinfectants
*Bactericidal, Fungicidal, Virucidal
*Used for cleaning surfaces
*Do not use on living tissues
*Decon-Quat®
*Roccal- D®
Steps of disinfectant use
sanitize (dry and wet) then disinfect
