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Intro to Psych 1102 > Wk 3 & 4 Health Psych > Flashcards

Wk 3 & 4 Health Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

What is health psych?

A

bidirectional relationship between psych and health

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2
Q

What is the biomedical model of health?

A

Physical or biological causes and absence of disease

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3
Q

What are some aspects of the biomedical model of health?

A

-emphasises health as the absence of disease
-what it means currently to have good health

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4
Q

What is the Illness-Wellness Continuum?

A

shows the relationship between the paradigm of treatment and the paradigm of wellness

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5
Q

What is the biopsychosocial model of health?

A

health made up of biological, psychological, and social factors

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6
Q

What are some aspects of the biopsychosocial model of health?

A

-dominant understanding of health in psych and more and more in medicine
-body as a system that is affected by all 3 factors

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7
Q

What is stress?

A

tension, discomfort or physical symptoms arise when a stressor strains ability to cope

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8
Q

What are the three approaches to stress?

A
  1. stress as a stimuli
  2. stress as a response
  3. stress as a transaction
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9
Q

What is the difference between a stress response and stressor?

A

-Stress response: tension, discomfort, symptoms that
arise following experience of a stressor (internal)
-Stressor: situation / stimulus that strains our coping
abilities (external)

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10
Q

What is Yerkes-Dodson Law?

A

performance increases with mental arousal (stress) but only up to a point: when an individuals’ level of stress is too low or too high, their performance deteriorates.

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11
Q

What is appraisal?

A

Interpretation or evaluation of a situation

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of appraisal?

A

-primary appraisal
-secondary appraisal

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13
Q

What is primary appraisal?

A

-relevance/salience (“is this important for me?”) and -valence (“is this good or bad?”)

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14
Q

What is secondary appraisal?

A

coping
(“do I have the capacity to deal with this?”)

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15
Q

What are further type of appraisals?

A

-Challenge vs threat appraisals
-Dispositional similarities and situational differences
-Major life events vs hassles

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16
Q

what is challenge vs threat appraisals?

A

-challenge: something you think you have a better capacity to deal with
-threat: perceive you have a lower ability to cope with that - something threatening

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17
Q

what is dispositional similarities and situational differences?

A

-dispositional similarities: individuals have certain tendencies, which are diff between everyone
-situational differences: differences on how you appraise things, depending on what the situation is

18
Q

what is major life events vs hassles?

A

-major life events: some things are objectively stressful, happen less frequently
-hassles: more strongly tied to our mental and physical health than major life events

19
Q

What is coping?

A

Behaviours and thoughts an individual engages in to deal with a stressful situation

20
Q

What are some examples of coping?

A

― Reappraisal
― Acceptance
― Distraction
― Rumination

21
Q

What is reappraisal?

A

changing interpretation and meaning

22
Q

What is rumination?

A

repetitive negative thoughts

23
Q

What are different types of groups and styles of coping?

A

-Problem-focused vs emotion-focused coping
-Practical/active vs avoidant coping
-Adaptive vs maladaptive coping (beware!)
-Flexible coping

24
Q

What is Selye’s general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?

A

stress-response pattern that consists of three stages

25
Q

What are the 5 controls to relieve stress?

A
  1. behavioural control
  2. cognitive control
  3. decisional control
  4. informational control
  5. emotional control
26
Q

What are the three stages of GAS?

A
  1. alarm
  2. resistance
  3. exhaustion
27
Q

How does stress affect health?

A

-physiologically (direct)
-behaviorally (indirect)

28
Q

What is pain?

A

Sensory and emotional discomfort

29
Q

What is the process of pain?

A

stimulation > chemicals released > activate nerve endings > nerves transmit message to spinal cord > then to brain > travels through many brain regions

30
Q

Pain is a construct of the …..

A

brain

31
Q

What is the placebo affect?

A

positive effect results not from any active treatment, but purely from patient’s
belief in or expectations of treatment

32
Q

What is the nocebo affect?

A

negative outcome, people think they experience side effects that come with the medication

33
Q

Why does the placebo effect work?

A

-expectancy theory
-conditioning

34
Q

What is another term for gut?

A

gastro-intestinal

35
Q

Brain-gut connections mean

A

Gut health can impact our mental health (and vice versa)

36
Q

What does DGBIs stand for?

A

“Disorders of brain-gut interaction”

37
Q

What does gut disorder such as IBS have high comorbidity (the simultaneous presence of two or more diseases or medical conditions in a patient) with?

A

mental health disorders

38
Q

What is the development of DGBIs?

A

Mental health problems preceding GI problems more often than GI preceding mental health

39
Q

What does visceral hypersensitivity mean?

A

refers to your experience of pain or discomfort in your visceral organs

40
Q

What is the psychological treatment of GI and to what extent and for how long?

A

-psychological therapies
-reliable, moderate
-up to one year

41
Q

What are some GI treatment for mental health?

A

-probiotics
-dietary changes
-faecal microbiota transplants

42
Q

What is the caveat (a warning or proviso of specific stipulations, conditions, or limitations) of DGBIs treatments

A

scientific findings are in infancy

Intro to Psych 1102 (7 decks)

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