Witte prob/solu & stolypin

Question 1

problem - Industry - Witte

Answer 1

• lack of infrastructure for large country lacking railway transportation
• raw materials were a long way from factories which meant industrial output was low despite how big Russia was
• poor working conditions in factories
  
  • crowded
  • no trade unions
  • long hours/low pay
  • disease and no clean water

Question 2

solution - Industry - Witte

Answer 2

• encouraged foreign experts to come to Russia
• Russia needed money so they can buy machinery from overseas
• heavy taxes keeping wages low
  -uses foreign investment to develop effective railway from coast to coast
• Great spurt - more money going in that out so Russia economy booming at fast rate.
  -COAL = 5.9 mil - 26.8 mil faster than Eu still behind
• large scale manufacture attracted people seeking employment - St Pb doubled in size
• Resulted in Tran Siberian railway.
  HOWEVER - really concentrated so bad working Cond so likely to revolt - Russia economy not robust & dependant on foreign loans

Question 3

Rural - mortgage repayments - Stolypin

Answer 3

• reduced mortgages and abolished them by Nov 1905
• this de-revolutionises peasants and they stop seizing land/ appeased them successfully and easily showing less of a threat they are ( not fully committed like sheep)

Question 4

Rural - Wager on the strong - Stolypin

Answer 4

• creating wealthy/ prosperous peasant class called kulaks.
• To bring agriculture into C20th allowing them to buy own land
• to be able to afford this: created peasants land bank.
• wanted them to abandon strip farming.
• wanted peasants to resettle on Siberia making uses of Russia’s land to increase harvest
• strip farming had LITTLE impact and by 1913 most land was still strip - 165 had been enclosed
• some peasants resettled but the land was frozen so returned home.