Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Wines > Wines of NY, OR, & WA > Flashcards

Wines of NY, OR, & WA Flashcards

1
Q

How many licensed wineries are in the US?

A

8,200+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Top 4 producers in the states

A
  1. California (4,650 wineries)
  2. Washington (800+wineries)
  3. New York (410+ wineries)
  4. Oregon (702+ wineries)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happened in 1880?

A

Phylloxera

- Root louse attacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vinifera produces

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Merlot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Labrusca; Riparia produces

A

Concord; Delaware

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

French/American hybrids produce

A

Seyval Blanc; Cayuga

Vignoles Traminette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hybrid

A

Crossing/selective breeding of grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

NYS hybrids

A 
Cayuga
Ravat/Vignoles
Seyval Blanc
Vidal
Traminette
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

NYS labrusca (native)

A

Concord
Delaware
Niagara (1872 Concord plus Cassady)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NYS wine production

A

Labrusca 60% Volume
Hybrids 25% Volume
Vinifera 15% Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When were the first vineyards planted in NY?

A

1st vineyards planted in the late 1600s in the Hudson Valley by French Huguenots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1827 - NYS

A

First commercial winery opened on Croton Point on the Hudson River

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1920-1933 NYS

A

Prohibition damages industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1934 - NYS

A

Charles Fournier comes to Gold Seal from Champagne and plants French Hybrids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

1933-1950 - NYS

A

large wineries produce jug or fortified wines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1950 - Charles Fournier

A

Charles Fournier wines gold in CA for Champagne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The 60s and 70s: The wine boom in NYC

A

HA 430 Wines 1st offered

  • table wine passes the fortified wine
  • Consumption doubles
  • NYS Farm Winery Act
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hudson River

A

49 wineries, 235 acres
180–195 days growing season
White hybrids best

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

NYS DECODING LABELS

A

Label types in NY:
• Varietal - minimum of 75% grape
• Exception 51% minimum if Labrusca
• Generic - place name from a famous region: Champagne, Chablis, Burgundy, or wine style:
Sherry, Port
• Proprietary Made-up name – “Taste Red” Bedell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

NYS Grape Source

A

• NYS – at least 75% of the wine labeled NYS must be from the state.
• AVA – if listed at least 85% of grapes must come
from that AVA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

VINTAGE DATED WINES

A

• A State or County designated wine must have
85% of the stated vintage year.
• A Wine from a specific AVA must contain 95% of the stated vintage year.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

FINGER LAKES

A
  • 110+ wineries, 10,000 acres
  • 85% of all NY wine
  • Growing season 190 – 205 days
  • Riesling, Sparkling, Chardonnay
  • Native Labrusca, Labruscana and Hybrids
23
Q

How many AVAs does the finger lakes have? What are they?

A

3 AVAs:
Finger Lakes
Cayuga Lake
Seneca Lake

24
Q

RIESLING: VARIETAL

CHARACTERISTICS

A

RIESLING: Fruity, apricot, peach, green apples, floral, lemon, tropical lushness.

25
DR. K. FRANK RIESLING
* Am harvest * German yeast * Stainless steel fermentation * Winemaker notes: grapefruit, lime, and star fruit
26
OREGON WINE
``` US #4 Producer • 1% of U.S. fine wine production • Over 2/3 is red wine • PINOT NOIR “signature red” – over 55% (prelim. # ‘17 64%) • Pinot Gris “signature white” • Good Chardonnay & Riesling • Syrah and Spanish Varietals ```
27
Oregon geography and climate
The Pacific Ocean, the Oregon Coastal Range, and the Cascade Mountain Range are the dominant factors * Rainfall varies from 6" to 40" per year * Oregon has a temperate climate with cooler growing conditions than California or Washington with more vintage variation.
28
OREGON WINE HISTORY 1970s
- 5 wineries in Willamette Valley | • Eyrie Vineyard (David Lett)
29
OREGON : WINE LAWS
Generics-- No Generic Names Permitted (e.g. Chablis, Burgundy) • 90% Minimum Varietal Wines (PN/PG) *Exception: 75% if Cabernet and 17 other approved varietals • Origin: 100% for County/State Listed, 95% for AVA • Vintage: 95% for AVA, 85% for County/State
30
Why does Oregon have stricter laws?
They joined the wine industry late
31
PINOT GRIS: VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS
Mango, melon, apple, pear, honey
32
Pinot Gris Food Suggestions
``` Salmon Halibut Chicken piccata Cheese Fruit Scallops Crab Prawns Mussels Oysters White fish ```
33
Rainstorm winemaker's notes
* Hand harvested grapes * 6 months aging sur lee * No oak/ML
34
WASHINGTON WINES
``` US #2 producer “New” Region More than 50,000 Acres / 53% White 12 Million plus cases 860 plus Wineries “Ideal” Climate Varietal Labels ```
35
WASHINGTON GRAPE VARIETIES
53% White • Riesling 22% • Chardonnay 19% • Pinot Gris 4% 47% Red • Cabernet Sauvignon 18.5% • Merlot 16.3% • Syrah 6.8%
36
WASHINGTON | GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
* The Pacific Ocean and the Cascade Mountain Range are the two dominant factors affecting Washington's wine regions * Western Washington is too wet and too cool to grow grapes –The Olympic Range gets 170” of rain Seattle gets 35”
37
WESTERN REGION: 1 AVA
``` Puget Sound AVA: Temperate 15-30” Rainfall Only a few wineries Some producing fruit wines (Bainbridge) ```
38
WASHINGTON Eastern regions
Cascades Block Cool Maritime Weather 6-8” Rainfall = Irrigation (Columbia River) Hot, Dry Days / Cool Nights 17 Hrs. Sunlight
39
How many AVAs are in the eastern region of WA?
12 = 98% * Columbia Valley (1984) Largest and contains: * Yakima Valley averages 12” rain * Walla Walla Valley * Red Mountain * Columbia Gorge * Horse Heaven Hills * Wahluke Slope * Rattlesnake Hills * Lake Chelan * Snipes Mountain * Naches Heights (2011) * Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley (2012)
40
WASHINGTON : WINE LAWS
75% Minimum Varietal • WA AVA requires 95% grapes from that AVA if WA is on the label • If not, AVA is 85% • Generics-- No Generic Names Permitted (e.g. Chablis, Burgundy
41
CHARDONNAY: VARIETAL | CHARACTERISTICS
Apple, pear, pineapple, citrus fruit flavors. Also figs, melons, flinty. (Flavors vary according to where grown) • Winemaking flavors: toast, vanilla, sweet clove, buttery or creamy, coconuts, tea. • Aged Chardonnays: Peach, pineapple, sage, honey, caramel
42
TOP 5 VARIETALS IN OREGON
1. Pinot Noir 2. Pinot Gris 3. Chardonnay 4. Riesling 5. Syrah
43
Oregon Eastern AVAS
``` Eastern AVAs: Drier with only 6 to 8” rain Columbia Valley (with WA) Walla Walla (with WA) Columbia Gorge (With WA) Snake River Valley (With ID) Rocks District of Milton-Freewater, 2015 ```
44
Oregon Western AVAs
13
45
PINOT NOIR: VARIETAL | CHARACTERISTICS
* Cherry, raspberry, strawberry, cola, pomegranate, mushrooms, earth, bacon, meat/game, baking spices, and purple and red flowers * Velvety
46
Firesteed
* Stainless steel fermentation * Burgundy yeasts * Certified Oregon LIVE (low input viticulture and enology) winery and vineyards
47
DAVID PITTARD
CALS ‘04 OWNER, BUTTONWOOD GROVE WINERY
48
Long island
* 66 wineries (most on the North Fork) * More than 2,000 acres * 100 miles from NYC * Merlot and reds best * Longest growing season 215 to 233 days
49
How many AVAs are in Long Island?
AVAs: (3) North Fork of Long Island The Hamptons, LI Long Island
50
CABERNET FRANC: | VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS
• Blackcurrants (cassis), dark fruits, violets, vegetal, bell pepper, spicy, raspberries.
51
Allen Shoup
Father of Washington Wine industry
52
Washington Wine - 1979
Allen Shoup moves from Gallo to WA and heads up Chateau Ste. Michelle
53
SILVER TOTEM CABERNET SAUVIGNON
* Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, and Syrah * Half the wine is aged in oak barrels (30% new American oak) and the other half is aged in stainless steel tanks for 20-24 months

Wines (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions