Final: Southern Hemisphere Wine Regions Flashcards
What do New Zealand, Australia and South Africa have in common as far as wine production goes?
New World wines:
- Less traditional and less history of winemaking
- Embrace innovation
- Wines named after grape varieties
- Technology revered and process in scientific
Australia - What are the laws governing wine production and labeling?
- Generally labeled with the name of the grape variety which must be at least 85% of wine
- Higher prices wines usually have more specific regional designations
New Zealand - What are the laws governing wine production and labeling?
Very few regulations: no restrictions on yield and winemakers are allowed to enrich, back blend and deacidify as they please
- Geographical Indications Act
- Grape Variety –75% min
- Export to EU or US – 85% min
- Regions- Work in progress and reserve still unregulated
South Africa - What are the laws governing wine production and labeling?
Wine of Origin legislation (1973) created various regions, districts and wards.
Varietal wines contain 75% of grape varietal
What are the major grape varieties grown in Australia?
White - Chicken Sees Red Sand
Red - She Can Moan
White: Chardonnay Semillon Riesling Sauvignon Blanc
Red (60% of production)
Shiraz (Syrah)- signature grape
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
What are the major grape varieties grown in New Zealand?
White - some cat ran past
Red - please, move chick
70% of production is white wine. Sauvignon Blanc (signature grape ) Chardonnay Riesling Pinot Gris
Red grapes:
Pinot Noir
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the major grape varieties grown in South Africa?
White - Chicken Curry Smells Appetizing
White (60% of production):
- Chenin Blanc (locally called “steen”)
- Chardonnay
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Also, Colombard, Muscat, Riesling, and Semillon
Red:
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinotage (S. Africa’s signature grape- a cross between Pinot Noir and Cinsault)
- Syrah/Shiraz
- Pinot Noir
What are the most important wine regions and what wines are they best known for in New Zealand?
North island region - Australia goes home winning
South Island Region - Main nugget can’t come
North Island regions (warmer than S. island): Auckland Gisborne Hawkes Bay Waikato
South Island regions (cooler climate- mostly whites):
Marlborough (most important production area with 14,000 acres)
Nelson
Canterbury
Central Otago
What are the most important wine regions and what wines are they best known for in Australia?
HMM MY Children Play Ball
New South Wales:
Hunter Valley: North of Sydney (the Napa Valley of Australia)
Mudgee
Murrumbidgee River
Victoria:
Murray River (“Sunraysia”) and Mildura Rutherglen (hot and irrigated)
Yarra Valley (moderate climate)
South Australia (largest region)
Coonawarra – best red wines
Padthaway – top Chardonnays
Borossa Valley – most of the largest wineries here, major growing region
Western Australia
Margaret River – top wines from independent estate
Tasmania:
Cooler climate, produces Pinot Noir and Chardonnay for sparkling wines
What are the most important wine regions and what wines are they best known for in South Africa?
Can't Fucking Put some wine here shit
South Africa: Constantia Franschhoek Paarl (home of the KWV cooperative) Stellenbosch (most important wine region) Walker Bay Helderberg Somerset West
What are the labeling requirements and how does one decode these wine labels?
New Zealand
- 1975 Wine Institute of New Zealand
- No regulation on yields, acidification, enrichment, ect.
- Varietal labels require 85% of the grape on the label, with 85% vintage year and 85% must be grown in the area
What are the labeling requirements and how does one decode these wine labels?
Australia
- 85% varietal, 85% growing area, 85% vintage dated
- Show Reserve – the wine has won a medal at a wine competition
- Bin # or Reserve Bin – not regulated
- Acidification is common, Chaptalization is not legal and “estate” not controlled
What are the labeling requirements and how does one decode these wine labels?
South Africa
- 1973 Wine of Origin (WO) System
- 85% varietal, region 100%, estate bottled is 100%
- “Reserved” unregulated term
How does New Zealand’s climate influence wine styles produced in various regions?
New Zealand: has least favorable climate: cool and wet, especially on the south island a focus is predominantly on white wines
Cooler climate makes crisper whites and leaner reds
Most known for Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir
How does Australia’s climate influence wine styles produced in various regions?
Australia: variable climate from state to state
Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria all have similar climates- daytime temps during the growing season ranging from 77-95 degrees
Queensland and New South Wales have more tropical climate w/ hot and dry conditions
