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Wines > Wines of Burgundy and the Rhone Valley > Flashcards

Wines of Burgundy and the Rhone Valley Flashcards

1
Q

Burgundy variety

A

Monovarietal; long and thin

Same as Alsace

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2
Q

Why is burgundy special?

A
  • It is all about the land and not about the brand

- Mono-varietal

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3
Q

Comparison between burgundy and Bordeaux

A

Burgundy

  • It is all about the land and not the brand
  • Mono-varietal

Bordeaux

  • It is all about the brand and not the land
  • Blend
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4
Q

GV of Vouvray

A

Chenin Blanc

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5
Q

GV in Muscadet

A

Muscadet and Melon de Bourguignon

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6
Q

France is associated with ___ in Alsace

A

Reisling

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7
Q

Sancerre is __ part of Loire Valley

A

Eastern

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8
Q

Climate in Burgundy

A

Continental with potential for frost, hail, and heavy rains at the wrong time of year

Causes differences in vintage quality from year to year and even village to village

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9
Q

Vintage effects ____

A

prices

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10
Q

History of Burgundy

A

Wine production most likely predates the arrival of the Romans in 51 BC

910 Benedictines built Abbey at Cluny
1098 Cistercians at Citeaux
1336 Clos de Vougeot

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11
Q

The Walls (CLOS)

A

Monoclo - single owner

- Usually has several different owners

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12
Q

Cote de Beaune

A

lots of producer

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13
Q

How to identify the growers

A

Domaine = estate –> grow the grape, pick and press the grapes

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14
Q

Negociant wines will state on the label:

A
  • Mis en bouteilles par - bottled by the firm
  • Mis en Bouteille dans nos caves - bottled in our cellar
  • Negociant would buy grapes/wines and sell it
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15
Q

What are the roles of the big name Negociants

A
  • These firms own some vineyards and make some Domaine produced wine
  • They also play a vital function for the many small growers in Burgundy who do not own enough vineyards to market their own wine commercially
  • Can be better than some of the domains
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16
Q

What type of wine dominates Burgundy?

A

White wines

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17
Q

Maximum permitted yields

A
  • Regional Yield 60 hl/ha = 605 Cases
  • Village Yield 50 hl/ha = 550 Cases
  • Premier Cru 45 hl/ha = 495 Cases
  • Grand Cru 35 hl/ha = 385
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18
Q

What wine laws does Burgundy follow?

A

Burgundy comes under the Appellation d’Origine Controlee (AOC) laws

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19
Q

How many AOC laws are there in total for the region?

A

100

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20
Q

What is Burgundy’s classification of wines based on?

A

Rating of the vineyards

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21
Q

Classification and production

A

Grand Cru - 33 Vineyards = 1.4% of Production
Premier Cru - 562 Vineyards = 10.1% of Production
Village or Commune Wines 55 Communes = 36.8% of Proudction
Regional wine sub region - 51.7% of Production

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22
Q

AOC Bourgogne

A

51.7% - The lower level of classification within Burgundy proper for Chardonnay and Pinot Noir is a simple regional wine

These wines can be made from grapes coming from any and all parts or Burgundy except Beaujolais

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23
Q

Commune or Village

A

36.8% - Enjoyable wines which possess the characteristics associated with the village

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24
Q

Classification

A

Recognized certain “climats” or vineyards that consistently yield grapes which produce great wines

Premier Cru (first growth) 10.1% - Excellent wines well above the average for a commune (village) wine

Grand Cru (great growth) 1.4% - The best vineyard sites

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25
Decoding a Burgundy label
- Regional - no designated sub-region - Regional wine macon - villages - Chambolle -Musigny: Village only = village wine
26
Grapes can be sourced from ______
47 different villages
27
Village + Vineyard =
Premier Cru wine
28
Chambolle + Musigny
Premier Cru
29
Vineyard only =
Grand Cru ( the best) The village name Chambolle disappears
30
Burgundy: White grape varieties
Chardonnay 46% | Aligote 6%
31
Terroir takes into account many factors: (7)
1. Soil 2. Slope 3. Drainage 4. Rainfall 5. Position of slope in relation to the sun 6. Elevation 7. Microclimate
32
Gout de Terroir
Sites are able to impart specific flavor characteristics
33
``` Chablis Terrior (climate, soil characteristics) ```
- Cool climate - Soil characteristics: chalk clay, marly limestone formed during the Kimmeridgian era (140-160 million years ago) - Rich in minerals and oyster fossils giving the mineral character atypical of Chablis
34
The classification of Chablis
1. Petit Chablis $ 2. Chablis $$ 3. Chablis Premier Cru (Fourchaume) $$$ 4. Grand Cru (Les Clos)$$$$
35
Chardonnay Chablis AOC, Louis Jadot, Burgundy 2015
Sight: pale reflective in glass, watery rime Smell: light, delicate, apple, citrus flavors Taste: acidic, green apple, lemon Cost: $23 * limestone soil influences the smell of the wine
36
Chardonnay: Varietal Characteristics
- Apple, pear, pineapple, citrus fruit flavors. Also figs, melons, flinty (flavors vary according to where grown) - Winemaking flavors: toast, vanilla, sweet clove, buttery or creamy, coconuts, tea Aged Chardonnay: Peach, pineapple, sage, honey, caramel
37
Chablis, Louis Jadot
- Famous Negociant - Owned vineyards since 1826 - Started negociant house in 1859 - Handpicked grapes - Fermented in stainless steel - Aged 9-12 months before bottling
38
J.Moreau & Fils | Chablis Premier Cru
$40 because no specific premier cru is listed, the grapes can be a blend of several premier crus
39
J.Moreau & Fils | Chablis Premier Cru Les Clos
$60 All the grapes for the wine must come from les clos vineyard - Tend to have oak in them
40
Age worthiness: When to drink white burgundy
- Simple AOC Bourgogne Blanc - upon release to 3 years - Village wines - 2 to 4 years (some top villages longer) - Premier Cru - need 3 to 5 years - Grand Cru - need the minimum of 5 to 7 years * do not age village/regional wines * only age premier and grand cru
41
Chardonnay Pouilly-Fuisse AOC, Louis Jadot, Burgundy 2016
Sight: golden Smell: butter, oak, vanilla, baking spice, lemon Taste: oakiness, baking spice, apple butter, smokiness Cost: $27
42
Top of the Maconnais wines
- Fuisse, Pouilly Loche, Pouilly Vinzelles and Saint-Veran | - Oak and stainless steel fermented
43
Louis Jadot produces a Pouilly-Fuisse | appearances, taste, pairing, aging
Maison Louis Jadot produces a Pouilly- Fuisse with emerald gold tones which reflect a wine of finesse and distinction Tasting: hazelnuts, toasted almonds, grapefruit, and lemon aromas Goes well with shellfish, fish, white meat in cream sauce, and poultry - Pleasant to drink young, but can be aged in cellar a long time to develop a superb complex bouquet
44
1er Cru price range | Grand Cru price range
- 1er Cru price range: $60-$80 | - Grand Cru price range: $800-$1000
45
Bargain hunting in Burgundy
- Look at the lesser known areas - Cote Chalonnaise: Rully, Mercurey, Givry, Montagny - Maconnais: Macon Villages, St. Veran, Pouilly-Fuisse
46
Food recommendations for Chardonnay
- More flavorful fish (grilled swordfish) - Shellfish (lobster) - Rich preparations (butter & cream) of poultry, veal and pasta - Grilled dishes, prepared with mushrooms and cream based sauces
47
1395 Duke of Burgundy Decreed
Only Pinot Noir could be grown in the Cote d'Or
48
Red Grape Varieties
- Pinot Noir 35% - Gamay ( in Beaujolais) 10% - Gamay & Pinot Noir (Passe-tout-grape)
49
Beaujolais production =
Carbonic maceration of whole berries | Grape variety is Gamay
50
Classification of Beaujolais
1. Beaujolais Nouveau 2. Beaujolais Superieur 3. Beaujolais Villages (39 villages) 4. Cru Beaujolais (10 top villages) * Price range from $10 to $30 * Carbonic Maceration
51
Pinot Noir Bourgogne AOC "Secret de famille", Albert Bichot 2014
GV: Pinot Noir Sight: Clear, ruby red Smell: nutmeg, cinnamon, cherries Taste: lighter in body (cooler climate, less sugar) acidity Cost: $20
52
Pinot Noir: Varietal Characteristics
- Cherry, raspberry, strawberry, cola, pomegranate, mushrooms, earth, bacon, meat/game, baking spices, and purple and red flowers - Velvety
53
Pinot Noir Flavors and Aromas: Growing Group
- Soil (earth) - Wet and dry grass - Green and dried hay - Trees - Forest - Wood - Cut Lumber - Leaves
54
Pinot Noir Flavors and Aromas: Spice Group
- Pepper - white and black - Cinnamon - Cloves - Vanilla
55
Pinot Noir Flavors and Aromas: Animal Group
- Fresh Meat - Aged Meat - Game - Animal skin - new and old leather - Animal fur - wet and dry
56
Pinot Noir Flavors and Aromas: Fire Group
- Smoke - Roasted - Caramel - Nuts - Coffee
57
Age worthiness - when to drink red burgundy
- Simple AOC Bourgogne Rouge - upon release to 5 years - Village Wines - 2 to 8 years ( some top villages longer) - Premier Cru - need 5 to 8 years - Grand Cru - need a minimum of 5 to 10 years
58
The Rhone Valley
- 2nd largest growing region in France - 28 Appellations - 27 grape varietals
59
Northern & Southern Rhone varietals
Northern Rhone - long linear, monovarietal | Southern Rhone - blends
60
Southern Rhone Climate
More of a Mediterranean Climate with milder winters and hot summers. Drought can be a problem but limited irrigation is permitted
61
Northern Rhone Climate
Continental Climate with harsh winters but warm summers. Sourther most region in Europe to permit chaptalization
62
Northern Rhone White Grape Varietals
1. Viognier (mono-varietal) 2. Roussanne 3. Marsanne
63
Northern Rhone Appellations
White Wines - Condrieu $60 - Chateau Grillet (only 7.5 acres one of the smallest AOCs in France) ($250) - Hermitage (Blanc)
64
Southern Rhone Grapes (Think Blends)
- Grenache Blanc - Roussanne - Bourboulenc - Picpoul - Clairette
65
Grenache Blanc Blend Cotes du Rhone AOC "Belleruche", M. Chapoutier, Rhone Valley 2016
Regional wine from Rhone Sight: golden hue, white blend Smell: Pear, ripe apple, white pepper, white flowers Taste: medium body, creamy, white life savers, pineapple Chardonnay alternative Cost $13
66
M. Chapoutier
Grenache Blanc, Roussanne, Viognier, Clairette and Bourboulenc 100% stainless steel fermented 5 months sur lie
67
Methods of Rose
Maceration: juice sits on skin --> will separate juice from skin Bleeding/ Saignee - vat of juice in skins, pour pink juice in separate tank then concentrate pink to red Blending - Red + white = pink only specific regions in France allows blending
68
Grenache Blend "Juliette", La Sangliere, Vin de Pays de Mediterranee 2016
GV: Grenache Blend Sight: pale pink, nice watery rim Smell: light strawberry, faint cherry, current Taste: Acidic, richer, more body than what was smelled, little bit of dry sensation little tannin for texture, strawberry Cost: $12
69
Grenache Varietal Characteristics
blackberry, currant, cinnamon, spice, strawberry
70
Juliette
70% Grenache, 30% Syrah | - Primarily from the Provence region
71
Northern Rhone Red Grape Varieties
92% Reds Syrah - monovarietal, co-fermented, blended with white grapes - the birthplace of Syrah
72
Northern Rhone Appellations Red wines (Syrah)
- Cote-Rotie ($96) - Hermitage ($60) - Crozes - Hermitage ($20) - Saint-Joseph - Cornas - Saint-Peray
73
Southern Rhone Red Grapes (think blends)
``` (blends of several grapes) Grenache Mourvedre Syrah Carignan Cinsault Counoise ```
74
Southern Rhone Appellations AOC
Chateauneuf du Pape (13 grapes permitted) $$$ ``` Gigondas Rasteau Luberon Costieres de Nimes Cotes du Rhone-Villages Cotes du Rhone (red, white, rose) ``` Beaumes de Venise (vin doux naturel from Muscat)
75
Grenache Blend Cotes du Rhone AOC Rouge, Andre Brunel, Rhone Village 2014
Sight: ruby fading to pink Smell: currant, cherry Taste: tannin, dry sensation
76
Cotes Du Rhone AOC
70% Grenache, 20% Cinsault, 10% Syrah | - Aged in neutral oak without fining and filtering

Wines (14 decks)

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