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WSET L3 > Wine Labelling > Flashcards

Wine Labelling Flashcards

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1
Q

Outside of the EU, what purpose does a GI have? (3)

A
  1. To define the limits of a region.
  2. At least 85% of the grapes came from that region
  3. ———-“—————- are of the stated vintage
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2
Q

What purpose do GIs serve within the EU?

A
  1. Region definitions
  2. The grape varieties used (must be 100% those stated)
  3. Grape growing practices
  4. Wine making practices
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3
Q

What are the two types of GI within the EU?

A

PDO - Protected Designation of Origin

PGI - Protected Geographical Indication

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4
Q

Differences between PGI and PDO?

A

PGIs are usually larger areas with fewer regulations

PDOs are smaller areas with more regulations

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5
Q

Why do most EU producers not state the grape(s) on a PDO label?

A

They rely upon the traditional Appellation d’Origin Contrôllée (AOC or AC), e.g. Appelation Minervois Contrôlée or Appelation Bordeaux Contrôlée

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6
Q

When do EU producers typically state grape varietals on a label?

A

When it’s a PGI

eg: Pays d’Oc or Vin de Pays

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7
Q

What is the French for PGI?

A

IGP
Indication Géographique Protégée

(Often used in preference to PGI)

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8
Q

Do all wines have to be sold with a GI?

A

No.

But it will have the country of origin.

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9
Q

Give an example of PDO regulation for Champage

A

The grapes must not be machine harvested

and must be gently pressed

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10
Q

What is Cru Classé.

  1. Which region does it come from?
  2. What does it mean?
A
  1. 61 left bank Bordeaux producers from the Medoc and one from Graves.
  2. Independent of AC rules, merchants classified producers into one of 5 classifications in 1855. First Growth through to Fifth Growth according to the perceived quality of their wine.

Sauternes and Barsac were included but only had two growth classifications.

———FYI———-
The Medoc communes are:
  Saint Estephe, 
  Pauillac, 
  Saint Julien, 
  Margaux,
  Saint Emillion (right bank) added 1955
  Graves (added 1959)
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11
Q

What does “Bordeaux” or “Bordeaux Supérieur” mean on a wine label?

A

They can come from anywhere within Bordeaux. Red or white.

For Supérieur, there are slightly strict appellation rules
The alcohol level is higher

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12
Q

What are the four main Bordeaux regions?

A

Médoc
Sauternes
Graves
St. Émilion

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13
Q

Name the two Bordeaux rivers that feed into the Gironde

A

Dordogne (to the North)
Garonne (to the South)

(Defining the Entre Deux Mers region)

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14
Q

Name the two appelations of the Médoc

A

Médoc

Haut Médoc

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15
Q
  1. Name the four principle Communes (smaller appelations) within the Haut Medoc appelation.
  2. Are they for red wines, white wines or both?
A
  1. Saint-Estèphe
    Pauillac
    Saint-Julien
    Margaux
  2. Red only
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16
Q

Does the Cru Classé belong to the grapes or the chateau?

A

The Chateau.

The producer can use grapes from anywhere within the stated appelation.

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17
Q

Does the stated Bordeaux appelation apply to the chateau or the grapes?

A

The grapes.

Which can come from anywhere within the appelation and made into wine by the Cru Classé producer

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18
Q
  1. What does Cru Bourgeois mean?

2. Does it apply to the Chateau or the wine?

A

Wines from non-cru classé producers are submitted each year to be awarded Cru Bourgeois for that year.

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19
Q

Name the three Sauternes 1855 cru classé

A

Premier Cru Supérieur
Premier Crus
Deuxièmes Crus

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20
Q

Name the Cru Classé of Graves

A

Pessac-Léognan

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21
Q

Any wine, red or white, from a Graves producer with Cru Classé, comes from which appelation?

A

Pessec-Léognan

22
Q

Saint Émilion is on which bank of which river?

A

The right (or north) bank of the Dordogne

23
Q

Name the two cru classé within the AOC of Saint Émilion

Which classé is subdivided and what are they.

A
  1. Saint-Émilion Premier Grand Cru Classé
  2. Saint-Émilion Grand Cru Classé

Premier Grand Cru Classé is subdivided into A (the best) and B.

Everything else is unclassified, or just
AOC Saint-Émilion

24
Q

Why does the Saint-Émilion cru classé appear on the label when Medoc ones don’t?

A

Because the cru classé of St.Émilion is part of the appelation system.
The Médoc cru classé is outside of the appelation.

25
Q

Burgundy has 3 types of appelations. What are they?

A

Regional
Commune
Single Vineyard

26
Q

Name the two Regional appellations that apply to the entirety of Burgundy

A

Bourgogne Rouge and, er, Blanc

27
Q

Name the five smaller regional appellations of Burgundy

A 
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuit
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Beaune
Bourgogne Côte Challonaise
Mâcon
Mâcon Village
28
Q

In which region of Burgundy do most communes exist?

A

Côte d’Or

Côtes de Nuit and Beaune
Including the Hautes Côtes de Nuit and Hautes Côtes de Beaune

29
Q

Name the two principle Communes in Burgundy’s Côte d’Or

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

Meursault

30
Q

Is Chablis

a) a region
b) an appelation
c) a commune

A

C. A Commune

31
Q

Single vineyard wines in Burgundy have two levels. Name them

A

Lower level: Premier Cru

Upper level: Grand Cru

32
Q

How do you identify a Premier (1er) Cru Burgundy?

A

The label will have the:
* Commune name (eg Gevrey-Chambertin)

…and either:
* The vineyard name (eg Les Cazetiers) IF all of the grapes came from a single premier cru vineyard.

…or

  • just Premier Cru if all the grapes, juice or wine came from multiple vineyards within the Commune
33
Q

How do you identify a Grand Cru Burgandy?

A

The words “Grand Cru” will be there along with the name of the vineyard. The commune will not be there.

Eg Chambertin Grand Cru

34
Q

Describe a typical Regional Burgandy red and white style

A

Light body, least complex. Primary fruit flavours
Red: Raspberry, red cherry
White: Lemon, apple

Oak is limited and if oaked, it’ll be in old barrels

35
Q

Describe the style of a single vineyard 1er/Grand Cru from Côte d’Or

A

Concentrated
Complex
Oaked (some of it new)
Spicey and toast balanced by concentration of fruit

36
Q

Chablis and oak… ?

A

Very restrained use.

Some use stainless steel instead

37
Q
  1. All of the red Grands Crus in Burgundy (bar one) are from: ?
  2. All of the white Grands Crus in Burgundy (bar one) are from: ?
A
  1. Côte de Nuits
    (Night is darker, so is Red)
  2. Côte de Beaune
    (Bones are white, so is Chardonnay)
38
Q

A wine is “Bourgogne Rouge” (or Blanc)…

Where in Burgundy might it come from?

A

Anywhere.
Rouge will probably be Pinot Noir
Blanc will probably be Chardonnay

39
Q

A Mâcon Village wine… red, white or either?

A

Only White
Generally represent excellent value for money. More ripeness,character & body than standard Mâcon.

Key village to look for: Lugny

Drop the “Village” and it could be either.

40
Q

What is “monopole” in Burgundy?

A

The rare instance of a vineyard with a single owner

41
Q

Red, white or either:

  1. Côtes de Nuites-Village?
  2. Côte de Beaune-Village?
A

Côtes de Nuites-Village: Either red or white

Côtes de Beaune-Village: Only RED

(Compare to Grands Cru, bar one in each case, wines from the same:
Beaune: White
Nuites: Red)

42
Q

Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits
and
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Beaune

How do they compare to the Village versions (2) and why (2)

A

They are grown at a (1) higher altitude (cooler) and are (2) exposed to winds (cooler) and thus the wine has (1) less body and (2) less concentration.

43
Q
  1. Name the four Côtes Challonaise village appelations

2. Which colour wine are they each best known for?

A

Rully - more white than red
Mercurey - red
Givry - red
Montagny - only white

These communes all have Premier Cru but no Grand Cru

44
Q

Bourgogne Côte Chalonnaise wines come from…

A

Anywhere on the Côte Chalonnaise, and will be Pinot or Chardonnay

45
Q

Which grapes variatels are predominately grown in the Maconnais?

A

Red: mainly Gamay, some Pinot
White: Chardonnay

46
Q

Quick description of:

  1. Mâcon reds
  2. Mâcon whites

(Not Mâcon Villages btw)

A
  1. Reds - light, fruity, for early drinking (that’ll be the Gamay)
  2. Whites - good balance of fresh apple & citrus, medium acidity, med to full body. Maybe some MLF creaminess.
47
Q

Pouilly-Fuissé and Saint-Véran… come from:

Côtes Chalonnaise or Maconnais?

A

Côtes Maconnaise

48
Q

Brief notes of style for Pouilly-Fuissé and Saint-Véran:

A

Grown on East and South-East slopes of limestone, acting as natural suntraps.
Ripe notes of tropical and stone fruits, matured in some oak for texture and toasty oak flavours

49
Q

Do the terms “Réserve personnelle” and “Cuvée spéciale” on Alsace wines have any legal status?

A

No.
It’s an attempt to distinguish a higher quality of wine within the over-simple appelations of either Alsace or Alsace Grand Cru

50
Q

How might a label indicate Transfer Method rather than Traditional?

A

Often states “Bottle fermented” as opposed to “méthode traditionnelle”

WSET L3 (31 decks)

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