Wildlife Conservation Efforts India Flashcards
Project Tiger
Centrally sponsored scheme launched in 1973
Tiger census- pugmark technique, camera
trapping, DNA fingerprinting -4 years once
● Project aims at ensuring a viable population of Bengal tigers in-situ conservation of wild tigers in designated tiger reserves.
● Tiger Reserve consists of Core zone and Buffer zone
● National Tiger Conservation Authority (2005) was created for implementing conservation efforts
Project Elephant
1992, a centrally sponsored scheme.
Mainly implemented in 13 states ie., Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal, Assam, Jharkhand, Kerala, Karnataka etc.
● 88 Elephant corridors were set up to enhance species survival and birth rate
● Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Elephants(MIKE) programme under CITES
● Haathi Mere Saathi by MoEF in partnership with Wildlife trust of India
Vulture
● Ban on usage of Diclofenac and usage of alternative drug Meloxicam
● Vulture Safety Zones
● Vulture Restaurants by Maharashtra and Punjab
● SAVE- Save Asia’s vultures from Extinction for White backed, slender billed, red headed vulture, Egyptian vulture and Long billed Vulture
One horned Rhinocerous
● Indian Rhino Vision 2020 by Dept of Environment and forest, Assam. The Bodo autonomous council, WWF-India, International Rhino Foundation (IRF) support it. ● To increase rhino population from 2000 to 3000 by 2020
Project Snow Leopard
● An Indian initiative started in Jan 2009 for strengthening wildlife conservation in Himalayan High altitudes.
● Conservation above 3000 metres in western and trans Himalayas, above 4000 metres in eastern Himalayas
● Most snow leopards are found in China followed by Mongolia and India.
● In India its found in all 5 Himalayan states/UT - Jammu and Kashmir (Ladakh), Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
Secure Himalaya
● Started in 2017 is a six-year project ● 4 states/ut - J&K, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh
● By MoEFCC in association with UNDP
● SECURE project aims at securing livelihoods, conservation, sustainable use and restoration of high range Himalayan ecosystems.
● focus areas of the project is protection of snow leopard and other endangered species and their habitats
Sea Turtle Project
● Olive Ridley turtle visits India coasts during winter for hatching.
● MoEFCC with collaboration with UNDP started the project in 1999.
● Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun is the implementation agency.
● Vulnerable in IUCN Red List and is listed in Appendix I of CITES.
● Conservation of Olive Ridley turtles is done in the Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS),Andhra Pradesh.
● Yanadi tribe are directly involved in the conservation bid.
Crocodile Conservation Project
● To build up a level of trained personnel for better continuity of the project through training imparted at project-sites and through the (erstwhile) Central Crocodile Breeding and Management Training Institute, Hyderabad.
● To protect the remaining population of crocodilians in their natural habitat by creating sanctuaries.
● To rebuild natural population quickly through ‘grow and release’ or ‘rear and release’ technique.
● Gharial is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
Project Hangul
● Kashmir stag also called Hangul is a subspecies of Central Asian Red Deer native to northern India.
● State animal of Jammu & Kashmir
● Found in Dachigam National Park at elevations of 3,035 meters
● Started in 1970’s
● State of Jammu & Kashmir, along with the IUCN and the WWF prepared a project for the protection of these animals. ● Population increased to over 340 by 1980 from 150 in 1970.
Reduced due to militancy to 160 in 2008. Currently 187 (2017).
● Listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act (1972).
Dolphin
● Ministry of Environment and Forests notified the Ganges River Dolphin as the National Aquatic Animal.
● River Dolphin inhabits the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh. ● Listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act (1972).
India adopts SAWEN- South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network
● SAWEN is regional intergovernmental wildlife law enforcement support body launched in January, 2011 in Paro, Bhutan. ● Regional intergovernmental body to combat wildlife crime
● Comprises of Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Maldives
Captive Breeding Programs
● Captive breeding means that members of a wild species are captured, then bred and raised in a special facility under the care of wildlife biologists and other expert. ● Bringing an animal into captivity may represent the last chance to preserve a species in the wild.
● Snake -Katraj Snake Park, Pune
● Crocodile -Madras Crocodile Bank, Chennai ● Lion -Devaliya Safari Park, Gujarat
● Gharial -National Chambal Sanctuary, Chambal
● Vulture -Ramanagara Vulture Sanctuary, Karnataka.
● Dolphin –Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary, Bhagalpur.
● Macaque- Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai.
