wiesbrod notes

Question 1

sclera is … (vascularity)

Answer 1

Avascular, but conjunctiva and episclera are vascular

Question 2

3 components of the conjunctiva

Answer 2

palpebral
forniceal
bulbar

Question 3

Location of the episclera

Answer 3

Between the conjunctiva and the sclera

Question 4

Scleritis is

Answer 4

deep vessel condition

Question 5

What fraction of refractive power does the cornea have?

Answer 5

2/3

Lens is 1/3

Question 6

At the periphery vs centrally how thick is the cornea?

Answer 6

centrally - 0.54mm, peripherally ~1mm

Question 7

5 layers of the cornea

Answer 7

1. epithelium (stratified nonkerat squamous)
2. Bowman’s layer (dense collagen)
3. Stroma
4. Descemet’s BM
5. endolthelium (keep dehydrated)

Question 8

which part of the cornea regenerates and which part doesnt

Answer 8

Epithelium regenerates

stroma DOES NOT

Question 9

Describe collage in sclera vs cornea

Answer 9

In sclera - collagen is course/irreguled

In cornea - regular arrays, fine and regularly packed

Question 10

2 ways a cornea can lose transparency

Answer 10

1. Damaged by trauma

2. Swelling due to endothelial function loss

Question 11

3 parts of the uvea

Answer 11

1. Iris
2. Ciliary body
3. Choroid

Question 12

2 functions of the ciliary body

Answer 12

1. Production of aqueous humour

2 accommodation

Question 13

How is glaucoma managed?

Answer 13

1. decrease production by ciliary body

2. Increase aqueous outflow through trebcular meshwork

Question 14

During accommodation what happens to the ciliary body and the zonula

Answer 14

Ciliary body skeletal muscle CONTRACTS -

Zonules RELAX

Question 15

Components of the vitreous

Answer 15

1. Mostly water (99%)
2. Collagen (1%)
3. Hyaluronic acid

Question 16

How many layers does the light penetrate before reaching RPE

Answer 16

8 layers

Question 17

What is the highly vascular portion of the uvea

Answer 17

Choroid

Question 18

Describe the vacularity of the fovea

Answer 18

AVASCULAR! - important choroid supply

Question 19

what does the optic foramen contain?

Answer 19

Optic nerve and opthalmic artery

Question 20

what does the tear film contain? and what is it’s function

Answer 20

1. Lipid layer
2. aqueous layer
3. Mucin layer

• nourish the cornea and maintain refractive surface

Question 21

What produces the mucin layer and it’s function

Answer 21

Conjunctival goblet cells

Adherence to cornea

Question 22

what produces the aqueous layer and function

Answer 22

Accessory lacrimal glands

Bulk of tear film

Question 23

What forms the lipid layer and function

Answer 23

Meibomian gland in lid margin

reduces tear evaporation

Question 24

Function of the lacrimal gland

Answer 24

REFLEX tearing (CN 2, 5, and limbic)

Question 25

Accessory glands in the conjunctival fornix produce

Answer 25

basal secretion

Question 26

Function of superior rectus

Answer 26

Elevate

Adduction, incyclotorsion

Question 27

Function of Inferior rectus

Answer 27

Depress

Adduction, excyclotorsion