Wiemar: Putchs And Revolts Flashcards
What reasons were the government opposed by extremist groups on the left and right for?
- Involvement in TOV
- Liberalism and democratic principles
- Failure to produce strong, decisive government
- Failure to unite German
Where was the most significant left-wing opposition coming from?
The communist party, who were especially active in the years immediately after the war.
What happened after the government dismissed popular police chief ,Emil Eichorn, who was radical USPD member, on jan 1919
Put the government into open conflict with the workers Council. Spartacist, members of the USD United to overthrow the government. On sixth of Jan, 19 19,000s of armed workers took over keyboarding site, newspaper offices.
This opposition was crushed by Freikorps an executed the leaders
Why was there severe opposition coming from various extreme right wing groups
Aim to restore the Empire and overturn the TOV.
Most significant right wing extremist actions with a Kapp Putsch in 1920 and Munich Putsch in 1923
What was the Kapp putsch?
Attempt to overthrow the government by Wolfgang Kapp and the Friekrops. Took over Berlin on top of March and the government fled. With the government gone, Kapp seem to be in a good position, and the leaders proclaim themselves, a new government dissolve national assembly, and said why our constitution was no longer in force.
However, trade unions called a general strike, demanding an end and a new government with the SDP in control. So four days after the strike, the new government fell, and the Weimar government returned to Berlin. The government had more things to the strike rather than ending the army had done for being reinstated.
What was the Munich Putsch in 1923
Hitler thought he could gain the support of local politicians and citizens.
On eighth November, the SA surrounded a large beer cellar where Gustav Von Khar and other officials were in a meeting which was crashed, and Hitler announced that the government of Bavaria and the national government would deposed, and that he and Ludendorff were to form a new government.
One by the prisoners in the cellar escaped and organise a resistance, and when the Nazis attempted to start their march on Berlin, they were taken present after a short battle with the police
How was the Munich putsch a successful Hitler
The trial after enabled him to give a speech about his belief that was widely reported and increases fame. He was only given five years in prison with the possibility of early release, where he managed to think through his political ideas and write ‘Mein Kamp’
How did the Munich Putsch shape Hitler’s ideas going forward in attempt to overthrow the government
It pushed him into an understanding that he should try for power by legal means getting the Nazis into the Reichstag.
Why was reforming the army, civil service and educational system pivotal for early Weimar gov
To make sure of support in these key areas of society.
Why did Ebert meet with the army and trad unions
He offered concessions for their support.
Needed to reform key areas of Society and rein in revolutionary ideas. But it wasn’t really strong enough to do either, at least not without taking sides. So without support the government was not going to be strong enough to deal with opposition.
So he saw this and met with the army and trade unions.
What was the Ebert-Groener pact,
On the 10th of November 1918, the pact with the new leader of the army was agreed. Agreement was the army would support the new government as long as left-wing ideas of parties in the Reichstag were opposed.
What was the Stinnes-Legien agreement?
On 15th of November, reached this agreement with the leader of the labour unions and the industrialists. For their support, he offered legislation of hours of work and adequate union representation.
Why did the government had to rely on the Freikorps even though they had agreements with the army and trade unions?
Neither army, nor the industry knew about the agreements with each other. At 1st, these were half hearted alliances on all sides, so they had to turn to the freikorps to restore order (if the army refused)
How are left-wing problems are usually dealt with
Dealt with quickly and often brutally by the army. Those brought to courts for sentence harshly.
How were right wing problems dealt with by the army and how did they vary?
The army sometimes didn’t act against right wing group at all, for example Kapp Putsch, and judiciary was less hot on right wingers, who came to trial. Making left-wing opponents, angry and right wing opponents more confident
