FRG: Eduction & Generational Conflict Flashcards
What did the allies do to school in 1945
They shut all schools as soon as they took over in order to notify both the curriculum and the teachers
Hope to prevent re-introduction of confessional education, and early selection of career parts
The allies press for reform of the school system, had this come out by the time the FRG was set up
No, there had still been no change by the time the 4G was set up to the school system
What was the US system of school in the US zone?
The Americans brought in over 5 million textbooks and introduced an American style system with elementary, middle and high schools leading to uni. The Brit in French wanted similar.
Under basic law who was responsible for education, and how did this cause variations across the country?
The land of remainder responsible for educational/cultural policy.
So, for example, there was few secular scores in the south, but they flourished in the north. Curriculum also varied widely. Running disputes between and within the lander, e.g. Nazi propagandist had to go, but should the Nazi period be taught.
Eventually, most lander employed the teaching of mainly European but not German history
How have the lander being in charge of education, be a hindrance to reform?
Even if federal governments could agree reforms, it had to convince the lander.
Throughout 1960s and 70s meetings at federal and lander level discussed educational changes . Joint federal and regional committee failed to agree on any policies.
How did the lander stopp school restructuring from happening?
In 1971, Brandt try to introduce federal framework for restructuring schools. Included extra health for disadvantaged, less streaming by ability etc. Bundy had passed it, but only by narrow majority so didn’t get the majority needed in the Bundesrat to become law.
By the time it was passed, it simply stated the existing system therefore no school restructuring happened
Why was that a concern the University system was failing to serve Germany’s needs
- facilities like lecture theatres were in adequate
- Curriculum was too old-fashioned, EG didn’t teach technology or economics
- To make university education, more democratic
Did the number of school pupils improve after 1960?
Yes:
- 1960: 850,000 children in gymnasium, in 1980’s 2 million
- in 1960, 239,000 students went to university increasing to 750,000 in 1980
What aspects of culture drew in people of all ages? Why?
The anti-nuke movement or various ecological lifestyle movements are example
They shed rejection of consumerism and desire for a more peaceful and equal society . Also share desires to change establish society.
How had the development of cinema change? How did US film help the FRG?
Until the 1960s, one of the most popular film genres was films about Germany. however, Americans films flooded the market and were complete contrast to the economic and political problems of every day life.
Historians argue that American films strongly realistic character helped the FRG to develop a “ regional’ culture, in contrast to the strongly nationalistic Nazi one. Q
What was Das neue Kino?
New German cinema, set up in 1962, focused on unstimulated past of Nazi Germany, or social problems of the FRG.
How had expressions of culture varied between generations?
Older people wanting a familiar German culture and a comfortable consumer lifestyle after the shortages of 1940s
Younger, people pressed for less consumers, lifestyle, and coach that face the present, and immediate past, rather than embracing the distant past or American culture .
What’s famous book caused the lander to reform teaching in school?
Psychoanalysis, Alexander and Margaret Mitscherlich publish the book ‘the inability to mourn’ suggesting most ppl who lived in Nazi era behaved as if nazisism was an infectious diseased, they had caught, recovered from and wasn’t responsible for.
This book was widely read and hugely influential., some reformed, the history, teaching in schools and universities to include Nazi Germany
