Why did charles personal rule end Flashcards
In the eyes of Nation - how did they view the sig of dissolution?
In the eyes of other historians?
Charles seeking to create absolutist monarchy. Similar, Spain + France
Personal rule is an attempt to destroy P as an institution and govern entirely by the authority of divine right monarch + answer only to God
Contrasting view, Charles intended in these years to create an efficient and sable system of gov based on CI political + religious beliefs
Two key officials during 1629-1640
LAUD
Lord strafford - Wentworth
Finance during PR
Treaty w who that reduced spending from 500,000 to 70,000?
1630 Treaty of Madrid - ended war w spain
Finance during PR
Attempts to find extra ordinary methods of raising income? brief
Ship money
Selling of monopoly license
revived feudal payments
Finance during PR
Ship money?
Annual, across the country
Worth about 200,000 a year once established
By 1639 the amount collected had fallen to 20% of what expected
New order in church and state
- Religious policy/Action
> Appointment of laud as Archbishop of Canterbury
When
1633
Arminian
He had pwrful influence within both prerogative courts of star chamber and high commission
New order in church and state
- Religious policy/Action
> Strict adherence to rules enforced.
what type of rules?
How ere the rules enforced
Why was it unpopular/Who did it alienate
Alienated Puritan
Focus on ritual rather than Puritan emphasis on prayer
Ministers who resisted were taken to prerogative courts.
If Minister failed to conform= deprived of their livings
1,800 ministers be became dissenters
Some Puritans chose to emigrate to US new england
New order in church and state
- Religious policy/Action
> Power and influence of Puritan gentry limited
How was their influence limited?
Alienated Puritan gentry
Forbid practice whereby Puritan gentry could appoint local minister
Puritan gentry forbidden to collect tithes
New order in church and state
- Religious policy/Action
Changes to to the interior of Churches
What changes were made?
More decorated with statues and colour, organs restored.
Altar moved to east end
Alarmed Puritans and more moderate Anglicans many of whom saw the changes as Catholic
New order in church and state
- Religious policy/Action
Development at Court
How and why did catholic influence seem to grow?
1635 Papal ambassador welcomed at the court.
Queen had her own chapel and catholic priests. Encouraged others to worship, including her children.
Reaction and Resistance 1636-1640
1 - Resistance against Ship money?
1636-37
John Hampden
Refused to pay ship money and began a legal challenge. Kings favour
So sig and did the issue continue?
Significance of the judges decision - 7:5 = narrow = shows how ppl are hostile to CI actions - especially they are placed by him in that position
Reaction and Resistance 1636-1640
2- Puritan resistance against the policies of Archbishop Laud
1637
Prynne, Bastwick and Burton
Wrote pamphlet hostile to govs actions.
Prosecuted in court of star chamber by laud (shows influence politically and in the church) ears cut off and cheeks branded
Reaction and Resistance 1636-1640
So was that the end of the issue?
What is the significance of Puritan resistance?
Reinforced tension over religion and especially over laud and his influence. demonstrated church involvement in legality and court
Overall conclusion about resistance during the PR?
Resistance failed in the short term, but it was the longer impact that was important. Charles policies caused resentment and this was exacerbated by the treatment of those who resisted. These feelings would be voiced in the 1640 S p and 1641 L P
