Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology I > Whole Cell Activity > Flashcards

Whole Cell Activity Flashcards

1
Q

gene expression

A

protein synthesis direction by information found in DNA
process of cell reading the genetic code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Composition of DNA

A

nucleotides joined together to form two strands and a helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

DNA complimentary base pairs

A

Cytosine - Guanine
Thymine - Adenine

(in RNA uracil - adenine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gene

A

a sequence of nucleotides that provides a chemical set of instructions for making a specific polypeptide chain > protein
Biological unit of heredity - can be passed down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nucleotide bases

A

“letters of the genetic dictionary”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

triplet

A

“words that determines which amino acid is used”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

transcription

A

copying DNA to mRNA
takes place in the nucleus
double helix unzips and is read
adenine pairs with uracil (instead of thymine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

translation

A

mRNA being used to produce a protein (@ ribosome site)
exits nucleus through nuclear pores
each code links with amino acid
tRNA transports amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosome-mRNA complex
polypeptide (protein) then transferred to golgi apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

interphase

A

no cell dividing phase
G1 - normal cell metabolism
S - DNA replicated
G2 - cell preps to divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mitosis

A

cell dividing phase / cell division
formation of 2 daughter cells
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chromatin

A

uncoiled DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chromatid

A

condensed DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chromosome

A

2 identical chromatids linked via a centromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

daughter chromosome

A

when chromosomes separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prophase

A

chromatin condenses to form visible chromosomes
spindle fibers form from centrioles
centromere breaks apart
nuclear membrane dissolves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

metaphase

A

spindle fibers attach to chromosomes
movement of chromosomes regulated by spindle fibers
chromosomes align near center of cell

17
Q

anaphase

A

chromosomes separate into daughter chromosomes
each set of 46 chromosomes is moved by spindle fibers towards centriole at opposite poles of cell
cytoplasm begins to divide

18
Q

telophase

A

chromosomes in each daughter cell form two separate nuclei
chromosomes begin to unravel

19
Q

cytokinesis

A

the cytoplasm and cell membranes completely split

20
Q

Tumors

A

abnormal dividing of cells - repetitive mitosis
benign or malignant (cancerous)

21
Q

cell differentiation

A

Stem cells have the potential to become any cell type
the process by which cells develop with specialized structures and functions

22
Q

apoptosis

A

programmed cell death

23
Q

necrosis

A

accidental cell death - causes inflammation and tissue injury

Anatomy and Physiology I (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions