Organic Molecules and Enzymes

Question 1

inorganic molecules

Answer 1

substances that do not contain carbon or carbon and hydrogen

Question 2

organic molecules

Answer 2

substances that contain carbon

Question 3

O2

Answer 3

Oxygen, essential for most living organisms

Question 4

CO2

Answer 4

carbon dioxide, produced when cells metabolize

Question 5

H2O

Answer 5

Water, stabilizes body temperature, protects the body, required for chemical rxns

Question 6

Carbohydrates

Answer 6

monosaccharides
broken down to provide energy, provide building blocks for macromolecules, provide fiber
Mono > Di > Poly
Creates glycogen, which is broken down to make ATP

Question 7

Lipids

Answer 7

Glycerol and Fatty Acids
long term energy storage, insulates, protective layer, provide phospholipids and cholesterol for the cell membrane
Insoluble in water
Saturated (hydrogen at every possible site), Unsaturated (one or more double bonds between some carbons)

Question 8

Phospholipids

Answer 8

found in plasma cell membrane
Polar hydrophilic head
Nonpolar hydrophobic tail

Question 9

Proteins

Answer 9

Amino Acids
used to create bodily tissues and support systems (ex. immune), enzymes
Folds determine the function

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

organic catalysts, lower the activation energy

Question 11

Nucleic Acids

Answer 11

Nucleotides (made of nitrogen base, phosphate, 5 carbon sugar)
DNA and RNA
Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine/Uracil, Adenine

Question 12

ATP

Answer 12

Adenosine Triphosphate (nucleotide)
Energy currency of cells
Breakdown to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) creates energy
Adenine molecule plus two to three phosphate groups