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History > Whitechapel > Flashcards

Whitechapel Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the population of Whitechapel

A

30,000

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2
Q

What was sanitation like in Whitechapel

A
  • Terrible pollution
  • London smog
  • sewerage was poor and drinking water was unreliable-they caused typhus and cholera
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3
Q

I’m 1881 how many people lived in how many houses

A

30,709 people lived in 4,069 houses

  • averages 7.5 people per house
  • Whitechapel had a population density of 189% compared to London which had a density of 45%
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4
Q

Where could homeless people live

A

‘Lodging houses/Doss houses’

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5
Q

What were conditions in lodgings/doss houses and how long could they stay there

A

Terrible conditions: hot, rats and shared beds-unhygienic bedding

200 houses were built for 8000 people so they had to sleep in 8h shifts

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6
Q

What was significant about ‘Flower and dean street’

A
  • Overcrowding
  • Reputation for violence, prostitution, Theives,
  • poor sewerage
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7
Q

What was the peabody estate

A 
George Peabody (1881) funded the clearing of slums and the creation of 286 flats
-it charged 3-6 shillings
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8
Q

What was casual labour

A

Eg. construction or the docks—> employed at a day at a time and had no job security

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9
Q

What was sweated labour

A

Work in cramped, dusty and unhealthy conditions (Sweatshops) for low wages eg. Clothing and shoe making

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10
Q

What were the workhouses

A

-offered food and shelter for this too poor to survive in the general community
-included the poor, elderly, sick, disabled, orphans or unmarried mothers and their kids
-Clean condition because its was ran by religious people and cleanliness is close to godliness
-Families were separated
-Made to wear a uniform
-Monotonous food
-No privacy
-Tough labour
Vagrants could only stay a couple nights because that were considered a bad influence and lazy so were kept away

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11
Q

Irish immigration

A
  • The Irish famine led to mass migration
  • when they settled they found it expansive
  • the Irish were often engaged in low skill labour
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12
Q

Why was there resentment towards the Irish

A
  • they had a reputation for drunkness
  • they took the small amount of jobs that were available
  • Fenians (Irish terrorists)
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13
Q

Jewish immigration

A

-Came to Whitechapel to escape the persecution after a Jew was accused of murdering a royalist

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14
Q

Hostility to Jews

A
  • they had a reputation for being separate and unbritish
  • they were unpopular for their business success and that that often ran the sweatshops paying low wages
  • they had links to socialists and anarchists
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15
Q

Anarchism

A
  • wanted a revolution which all laws and authority would be swept away
  • carries out political assassinations
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16
Q

Socialism-Social democratic federation (1881)

A
  • wanted to bring down the capitalist system

- looked after workers poor people rights

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17
Q

Reasons for high crime levels

A
  • Poverty and high unemployment
  • Mazes of poorly lit streets
  • resentment to immigrants
18
Q

Prostitution

A

People were unsympathetic towards them

Most worked on streets but some in brothels where that were safer but exploited by pimps

19
Q

How many prostetutes were there in 1888

A

1,200

20
Q

Alchahol

A

-Used to escape bad lives

21
Q

Britain didn’t have a single police force…

A

They had 47000 officers in 243 different forces

22
Q

How were the met police divided

A

Into letter of the alphabet for each area

23
Q

How many detectives did the CID have in 1883

A

294

24
Q

Who was commissioner Charles Warren

A
  • Former army general became commissioner in 1886
  • gained a bad reputation for using army to boost police numbers
  • had bad relations to the home security
  • blamed the failiar to catch ripper on weak political leadership
25
Q

What was the ‘beat’

A
  • regular on-foot patrols by each officer around area of Whitechapel
  • police had a truncheon,hand cuffs, whistle, lamp and a note book
  • kept record in their best diaries
  • they march side by side until they reach their beat
26
Q

The Whitechapel H division

A

Had a superintendent-a chief inspector-27 inspectors-37 sergeants-500 constables

Ratio of 1:300

27
Q

What are the order of murders

A 
Mary Anne ‘polly’ Nichols 
Annie chapman
Elizabeth Stride
Catherine Eddows
Mary Kelly
28
Q

When was Mary Anne ‘polly’ Nichols murderd

A

31st August 1888

29
Q

When was Annie chapman murdered

A

8th September 1888

30
Q

When was Elizabeth Stride murdered

A

30th September 1888

31
Q

When was Catherine Eddows murdered

A

30th September 1888

32
Q

When was Mary Kelly murdered

A

9th November 1888

33
Q

What were the 6 Methods of investigation

A
  • post mortem
  • coroner
  • following up leads from journalists
  • setting up soup kitchens
  • interviewing key witnesses
  • visiting lunatic asylums
  • houses to house searches
34
Q

advantages of post mortem

A

They identified that it was ‘no slaughterer of animals could have carried out these crimes

35
Q

Adv and Dis for following leads from journalists

A

Adv: more leads

Dis: it’s was hard to follow up all leads and some were presented to sell newspapers

36
Q

Adv and Dis of soup kitchens

A

Adv: more likely to give info

Dis: people often lied to get food

37
Q

Adv and Dis of visinting lunatic asylums

A

Adv: it was assumed only some unstable could commit these crimes

Dis: not reliable

38
Q

What problems with the media did police have?

A

The press often published police rubbishing in their respected ‘times’ and ‘illustrated police news’

39
Q

When was police rivalry noticed

A

When Catherine Eddows was murdered in the city of London and evidence was found in Whitechapel-a cloth with blood and human fecies and a message which read ___________
-Charles Warren ordered it was to be washed off the wall so the London police didn’t get any leads

*counter-he feared it would cause Jewish resentment

40
Q

What was the message which was found after Catherine Eddows death

A

‘The Jews are not of the men that will not be blamed for nothing’

41
Q

Who ran the Whitechapel vigilance committee

A

George Lusk

-he sent unreliable evidence to the police

42
Q

What follow up sources can be used

A
  • Police records
  • met police records
  • CID records
  • The census
  • Boards of work report
  • work house reports
  • booths poverty map 1889

History (7 decks)

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