Wheeled equipment steering fundamentals and service

Question 1

Identify any five of the steering systems mentioned in this module that are used on off road machines with a rigid frame.

Answer 1

a. front wheel steering.
b. rear wheel steering.
c. four wheel steer with crab steering.
d. combination steering.
e. skid steering.

Question 2

A tractor scraper uses an articulated steering system. The rear tires:

a. turn outside the track of the front tires.
b. turn inside the track of the front tires.
c. follow in the track created by the front tires.
d. follow a co-ordinated steering path during the steering process.

Answer 2

c. follow in the track created by the front tires.

Question 3

Some hydraulic oil reservoirs have a clean out cover. This allows the service technician to remove sediment that has settled to the bottom of the reservoir.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A full time power steering system has no mechanical connection between the steering wheel or joystick and the turning wheels or articulated frame sections.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The hydraulic oil reservoir provides a place where the hydraulic oil can cool and where sediment in the oil can settle out.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Hydraulic steering cylinders are generally single acting.

Answer 6

false

Question 7

Identify the device that can replace the steering wheel traditionally used to steer a machine.

Answer 7

A joystick can be used to replace a traditional steering wheel.

Question 8

When a wheel loader has an articulated steering system the front section of the machine is much shorter that the rear section of the machine. This causes the rear tires to move inside the front wheel track when the machine is cornering.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

A low percentage of hydraulic system problems are related to the selection, care and cleanliness of the hydraulic oil.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

A visual inspection is the first stage of troubleshooting the hydraulic steering system.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

As you inspect a hydraulic steering system for signs of problems, you must check the following types of components:

a. mechanical
b. hydraulic
c. electrical or electronic
d. oil and oil filtration
e. all of the above

Answer 11

e. all of the above

Question 12

Explain how you must prevent a machine with an articulated steering system from pivoting while you work at or near the point of articulation.

Answer 12

The safety bracket must be pinned to both sections of the machine to prevent accidental movement and the possibilty of crushing injuries.

Question 13

Hydraulic components (lines, actuator, fittings) must be properly covered once they have been opened.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

A wheel loader uses an articulated steering system. The rear tires:

a. turn outside the track of the front tires.
b. turn inside the track of the front tires.
c. follow in the track created by the front tires.
d. follow a crab steering path during the steering process.

Answer 14

c. follow in the track created by the front tires.

Question 15

An operator has a machine that can be steered in either a crab or co-ordinated fashion. Which steering system should be used to provide the maximum amount of floatation during operation?

Answer 15

Crab steering allows each tire to travel in a seperate path therby providin maximum floatation during cornering.

Question 16

The hydraulic pump used to pressurize the steering system during normal operation is generally belt driven.

Answer 16

False. Gear.

Question 17

Identify any six of the general components used in a full time power steering system.

Answer 17

a. a reservoir.
b. a pump.
c. pressure control valves.
d. steering directional control valves.
e. one or more steering cylinder assemblies.
f. hydraulic oil filters.

Question 18

Identify the two general types of steering directional control valves.

Answer 18

a. hand metering units.

b. spool steering valves.

Question 19

Depth type filters are typically used to clean the hydraulic oil in a full time power steering system.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

A motor grader can be equipped with a front wheel steering system as well as an articulated steering option. During the cornering process, the front wheels turn at less of an angle than the articulation angle.

Answer 20

False. Greater than.

Question 21

Rough terrain cranes tend to have a solid frame with a four wheel steering system to increase the maneuverability of the machine during operation in restricted areas.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Identify safety precautions that must be followed when working on or testing steering systems in order to prevent personal injury.

Answer 22

Test process must not endanger personel in the vicinity of the machine. The hydraulic oil must be allowed to cool to reduce the chances of injury due to burns Pressure must be relieved before lines or fittings are removed. Follow all safety proceedures in the service manual.

Question 23

Explain why infared heat detection equipment is a valuable troubleshooting resource when inspecting the hydraulic steering system.

Answer 23

Steering system can be examined while in operation. The infared heat detection equipment can be used without disconnecting lines and fittings.

Question 24

Operational tests of a hydraulic steering system can include a road test as well as flowmeter and pressure tests.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Identify the general types of equipment you would use when you are working on the hydraulic steering system and are required to remove and replace components.

Answer 25

Floor jacks with adapters as well as overhead cranes using chains and sling are required to move heavy steering system components.