Hydraulic Fundamentals 190103g

Question 1

1. The definition of a fluid is

Answer 1

a substance that flows.

Question 2

2. The major difference between liquids and gases is that:
   a) liquids are compressible.
   b) liquids resist compression.
   c) gases resist compression.
   d) gases do not flow.

Answer 2

b) liquids resist compression.

Question 3

3. State Pascal’s Law.

Answer 3

Force exerted on a confined liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished in all
directions, acting with equal force on equal areas and at right angles to them.

Question 4

4. Pressure in a hydraulic system is created by:
   a) resistance to liquid flow.
   b) a hydraulic pump.
   c) liquid flow.
   d) the relief valve.

Answer 4

a) resistance to liquid flow.

Question 5

5. Pressure losses in a hydraulic system are created by

Answer 5

by resistance to flow that is created

by system components.

Question 6

6. Pressure is defined as

Answer 6

force per unit area.

Question 7

7. As the force applied to a confined liquid increases, pressure:
   a) decreases.
   b) increases.
   c) stays the same

Answer 7

b) increases

Question 8

9. Match the following terms with their correct metric hydraulic units.
   a) pressure -

b) force-
c) mass-
d) area-

Answer 8

a) pressure - newton metres (N ·m)
kilopascals (kPa)

b) force- newtons n
c) mass- kilograms kg
d) area- square meters

Question 9

10. The pressure resulting from 125 kg acting on a circular area with a 25 cm diameter is:
    a) 1225 Pa.
    b) 3125 Pa.
    c) 15 kPa.
    d) 25 kPa.

Answer 9

. d) 25 kPa.

Question 10

11. As the pressure acting on an area increases, the resulting force:
    a) decreases.
    b) increases.
    c) stays the same.

Answer 10

b) increases.

Question 11

12. An increase in the area that a given pressure acts upon causes the resulting force to:
    a) decrease.
    b) increase.
    c) stay the same

Answer 11

b) increase

Question 12

13. The pressure resulting from 450 kg acting on a circular area with a 20 cm diameter is:
    a) 9.80 kPa.
    b) 75.33 kPa.
    c) 140.37 kPa.
    d) 359.47. kPa

Answer 12

c) 140.37 kPa.

Question 13

14. The force generated by the large piston in Figure 67 is:
    a) 196 kN.
    b) 1960 kN.
    c) 2 MN.
    d) 3.50 MN.

Answer 13

a) 196 kN.

Question 14

18. Pressure created by the weight of a fluid is called _

Answer 14

pressure head.

Question 15

19. A pressure measurement that includes atmospheric pressure is:
    a) an absolute pressure measurement.
    b) a gauge pressure measurement.
    c) a head pressure measurement.
    d) a barometric pressure measurement.

Answer 15

a) an absolute pressure measurement.

Question 16

23. List six (6) safety precautions you must take when working on hydraulic equipment.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Answer 16

a) Recognize and heed safety information and instructions.
b) Release hydraulic pressure prior to service.
c) Do not use your hand to check pinhole leaks.
d) Securely block hydraulically supported equipment.
e) A void pinch points.
f) A void heating or cutting near pressurized hydraulic lines.