Wheelchairs and Orthotics for Children Flashcards
How should the pelvis be aligned in a wheelchair?
Upright pelvis with a slight anterior pelvic tilt
-Above and below pelvis is affected if the pelvis is not aligned correctly
How should a seat belt be positioned?
NOT on ASIS
Snug enough, but comfortable
2nd strap on seat belt holds the pelvis in better alignment
What are the recommendations on tilt?
o You want some tilt, especially if they have poor head and trunk control
o You want an angle greater than 90 degrees
96 degrees – so 6 degrees back?
What are the recommendations for the elbow?
o Right below shoulder – 90 degrees
o Avoid shoulder elevation and depression (be in the middle)
What are the recommendations for the LE?
o 90 degrees of knee flexion
o 90 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion
What are the consequences for seat height?
o Too low = will slip
o Too high = will tilt pelvis into poor posture
What are the recommendations for hip-to-back angle?
o Parallel to ground to seat recline
o 120 degrees total
o Build tilting in space
What are the ten basic principles of sitting
o 1. Slight anterior pelvic tilt
o 2. Level and stable pelvis – affects everything above and below
o 3. Seat-to-back angle (96 degrees – most upright)
o 4. Other joint angles (to maintain pelvis)
o 5. Angle of recline
o 6. Support to buttocks and thighs - firm
o 7. Support to feet
o 8. Support to elbows and forearms
o 9. Support to back
o 10. Support to head
What kind of tone are dynamic orthotics good for?
Low tone
What does a Pavlik Harness do?
for DDH
o Used in early infancy
o Put acetabulum in optimal position to prevent slippage
What are the 3 different types of standers?
o Upright stander
Head control required
Upper body control also needed
o Prone stander
Less functional but sometimes needed
Those with less control start in a prone stander
o Supine stander
Characteristics of HKAFOs?
o Also provides lateral support
o Max support for LE in all 3 planes and lower torso
Characteristics of SMOs?
o Stabilizes the foot/ankle complex in the sagittal and transverse planes
Characteristics of RGOs?
o Max support for LE and lower torso
Characteristics of SWASH Brace?
o Prevents scissoring
o Allows for sitting
o Stabilizes the hip post-surgically
