What was the impact of the New Deal? Flashcards
A. Philip Randolph’s trade union & its establishment date:
black railroad porters joined A. Philip Randolph’s trade union, established in 1925
Marcus Garvey’s UNIA’s aim: (4)
- Advocated self-help
- Armed self-defence
- Separation of race
- Black pride
By 1925, how many members did the UNIA have?
500,000
What did Roosevelt issue after the war broke out?
Executive order 8802
What did Executive Order 8802 do?
Banned racial discrimination in the defence industry, in order to get as many people into war-work as possible
How were Roosevelt’s New Deal measures described?
Supposedly colour-blind even though many black Americans were moved off for whites
What did the number of black Americans in the federal bureaucracy rise to in 1941?
50,000 to 150,000 by 1941
Agricultural Adjustment Administration on black sharecroppers:
Southern white landowners who were paid to remove land from production often removed black tenants and sharecroppers
Between 1933 and 1940, how many black sharecroppers were evicted?
200,000
What did the Works Progress Administration (WPA) do to benefit black Americans? (5)
- Provided jobs for black Americans
- Employed black teachers
- Taught black Americans to read and write
- Imposed racial quotas on its contractors
- Some had supervisory roles
How many black Americans worked for the WPA each year?
350,000
How many teachers did the WPA employ?
5,000
How many black Americans did the WPA teach to read and write?
250,000
What percentage of black WPA workers in the north had supervisory roles?
5%
How much of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) was black Americans?
1/3
Why were FERA relief payments distributed unfairly towards black Americans?
1/3 lower than whites as they could survive on less as they had a lower standard of living
When was the Wagner-Steagall National Housing Act?
1937
How did black Americans benefit from the Wagner-Steagall National Housing Act?
Black Americans received 1/3 of the new accomodation
National Recovery Administration on black Americans:
Set the minimum wage for black and white people at the same rate
Housewives Leagues:
Campaigned to boycott stores in black districts until they hired black workers
Executive order 7027:
Set up The Resettlement Administration to resettle low-income families and lend money were needed
How many farmers did Executive Order 7027 help?
3,400 of over 200,000 farmers
