The Impact of the Second World War Flashcards
When was A. Philip Randolph protest?
1941
What happened during A. Phillip Randolph’s protest?
Him and railway workers threatened a 100,000 march on Washington unless Roosevelt banned discrimination in the army
What was achieved in A. Phillip Randolph’s protest?
Executive Order 8802
What was Executive Order 8802?
Banned discrimination in defence work and set up a Fair Employment Practises Committee (FEPC)
How many black Americans were employed in defence industries during WW2?
2 million
What percentage did black people in the military rise up by as a result of the FEPC?
4%
When was the Fair Employment Practise committee (FEPC) created?
1941
What did the war force?
Assimilation between whites and blacks as they worked side by side
How many black Americans served in the war?
Over 1 million
What did Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) campaign for?
Desegregation of interstate transport
Truman on civil rights: (3)
- Anti-lynching
- Anti-segregation
- Fair employment laws
How did Congress react to Trumans committee report ‘to secure these rights’
Rejected all proposals as well as Trumans request to continue the FEPC
When was the Presidents Committee on Civil Rights?
1946 - equal opportunity in work and housing
Adam Clayton Powell:
- Led a successful bus boycott in Harlem in 1941, forcing the bus company to employ more black drivers
James Farmer:
In 1942 he established CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)
When was the GI Bill of Rights?
1944
How did the GI Bill of Rights help black Americans?
Gave veterans government aid for a college education or to set up businesses
What did Truman establish in 1948?
Fair Employment Board - aimed to ensure equal treatment for minorities in federal hiring
Why was the Fair Employment Board limited?
- Lack of funds
- Conservative employees
What did Truman establish in 1951?
Committee on Government Contract Compliance (CGCC) - President Truman created the committee to oversee compliance with the Executive order 8802 by Roosevelt
When was Executive order 9981?
1948
What did Executive Order 9981 do?
Banned segregation in the armed forces
How many black Americans served in the war?
Over 1 million
