What was life like for people living in Nazi Germany

Question 1

What was the Pastors’ Emergency League?

Answer 1

Protestant leaders who did not want a Nazi put in overall control of Protestant Churches.

Question 2

What was the role of Pastor Martin Niemoller? (2)

Answer 2

He opposed Nazi ideas and rules, for example the ban on Jews becoming Christians.
His phone was bugged by the Gestapo and he was sent to a Concentration Camp.

Question 3

When was Pastor Martin Niemoller sent to a Concentration Camp?

Answer 3

1938.

Question 4

What Catholic opposition was there? (2)

Answer 4

Increasing regret about the ‘Concordat.’

400 priests were sent to Concentration Camps.

Question 5

What were the limits of church opposition?

Answer 5

Little to none, lots of people stayed silent, although many Germans still continued to go to church though.

Question 6

What was the role of the Edelweiss Pirates? (2)

Answer 6

Youth opposition who wore an Edelweiss flower on their coat.

They would hang around on street corners and beat up members of the Hitler youth.

Question 7

What was the role of the Swing Youth?

Answer 7

Richer young people who admired American Culture and would play swing music inf defiance of the Nazis who hated it.

Question 8

What was the role of the White Rose Movement?

Answer 8

The White Rose Group spread anti-Nazi propaganda among students.

Question 9

Who led the White Rose Group?

Answer 9

Siblings Hans and Sophie Scholl. They were eventually executed.

Question 10

What were the limits of youth opposition? (3)

Answer 10

The numbers were low.
The different groups were not joined up.
Many plots and groups were found out about.

Question 11

What was the Nazi view on family?

Answer 11

Women should have a traditional role of raising a family and building a home.

Question 12

What were the three Ks?

Answer 12

Kinder, Kuche, Kirche

Children, Kitchen, Church

Question 13

What was the 1938 Divorce Law?

Answer 13

A woman could be divorced if she could not have a child.

Question 14

What was the 1933 Law for the Encouragement of Marriage?

Answer 14

A law that provided money for getting married. There was no need to pay it back once a child was born.

Question 15

What two specific laws that were put in place affected women?

Answer 15

The law for the encouragement of Marriage.

The divorce law.

Question 16

How were women specifically encouraged to fulfill their ‘duties’? (2)

Answer 16

The Nazis introduced The Mothers Cross which was given to mothers depending on the number of children that they had.
The Nazis introduced a series of laws to remove women from the workplace.

Question 17

What was the Lebensborn (Fountain of Life) programme?

Answer 17

This programme provided financial aid to women who had children with members of the SS.

Question 18

What did the Nazis want for young people? (2)

Answer 18

They wanted young people to be brought up to be proud Germans.
For them to be supporters of the Nazi party.

Question 19

What did the Nazi party want for young boys?

Answer 19

To be strong and healthy and to fight in the German armed forces.

Question 20

What did the Nazi party want for young girls?

Answer 20

Have children and ‘fulfill their duties.’

Question 21

What training did girls receive?

Answer 21

They received training in domestic science and housework as well as Nazi racial ideas.

Question 22

What youth groups existed for girls? (2)

Answer 22

The Jungmadel (Young Maidens) for 10-14 year old girls.
The Bund Deutscher Madel (League of German Maidens ) for 14-21 year olds.

Question 23

What youth groups existed for boys? (3)

Answer 23

The Pompfe (Little Fellows) for 6-10 year olds
The Deutsche Jungvolk (German Young People) for 10-14 year olds.
The Hitler Jugend (Hitler Youth) for 14 to 18 year olds.

Question 24

What training did boys receive? (2)

Answer 24

They were taught about Nazi ideas and were encouraged to report any Nazi opponents.
Received military training in using weapons as well as physical training.

Question 25

How did the Nazis control teachers? (3)

Answer 25

All teachers had to swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler.
A 1933 law made it easy to sack teachers.
Many teachers were sacked and replaced with SS guards to ensure strict discipline.

Question 26

How did the Nazis control what children learnt in school? (3)

Answer 26

Race studies.
Maths questions would be linked to war strategy.
History - Would teach children about the greatness of the German past and the injustice of the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 27

What did Hitler believe about unemployment?

Answer 27

Unemployed people were a burden on society and a waste of resources.

Question 28

Why was unemployment bad for Hitler?

Answer 28

Unemployment was politically dangerous because it could cause people to move away from the Nazis and towards the communists.

Question 29

What was the purpose of the Labour Service (RAD)?

Answer 29

Give unemployed people purpose.

Question 30

Give an example of the compulsory work required by the RAD if you were unemployed?

Answer 30

Building roads or draining swamps.

Question 31

What were the German peoples feelings surrounding the Labour Service (RAD)?

Answer 31

Once made compulsory in 1935 it was generally unpopular due to the difficult nature of the work. Physically demanding.

Question 32

What was the Autobahn project?

Answer 32

A project to build new motorways to make Germany more connected and put people to work.

Question 33

Who were the ‘invisible unemployed’?

Answer 33

Included people in prison, in the army, labour projects and concentration camps.

Question 34

How did rearmament reduce unemployment?

Answer 34

It put people in the army as their job.

Question 35

How did wages and hours worked increase once the Nazi state was established?

Answer 35

Average wages of working people and the number of hours that they worked increased.

Question 36

How much did the average working week increase by?

Answer 36

43 hours to 49 hours from 1933 to 1939.

Question 37

What was the science of eugenics and ‘racial hygiene?’

Answer 37

The ‘science’ that certain races were stronger and worth more than others.

Question 38

What was ‘strength through joy?’

Answer 38

An organisation set up by the Nazis to improve the conditions of workers.

Question 39

What was the purpose of ‘strength through joy?’

Answer 39

It was aimed to make work more enjoyable for workers so that they would be positive about their work and be more productive.

Question 40

How was ‘strength through joy’ just propaganda?

Answer 40

Ran a scheme through which workers could provide money per week which would eventually allow them to buy a new car.

Question 41

What was the outcome of the ‘strength through joy’ scheme?

Answer 41

It turned out to be a con and no workers ever actually got a car and did not get their money back.

Question 42

What did the Labour Front (DAF) do for workers?

Answer 42

Set out rights of workers in the workplace.

Question 43

What did the Labour Front (DAF) not do for workers? (3)

Answer 43

Workers lost the right to negotiate improvements in pay.
The DAF punished workers who disrupted production.
The maximum length of the working week that was set out went up by 6 hours per week.

Question 44

What were some of the rights set out by the DAF for workers? (2)

Answer 44

The maximum length of the working week and minimum pay levels.

Question 45

How did Beauty of Labour (SdA) affect standards of living? (3)

Answer 45

Campaigned to get employers to provide better facilities for workers.
It gave employers tax breaks to help with creating these facilities.
However workers were often expected to do the work and decorating themselves.

Question 46

What was Hitler’s view on the Aryan race?

Answer 46

He believed they were the master race.

Question 47

What was Hitler’s view on the Slaves of Eastern Europe?

Answer 47

They were subhuman.

Question 48

What was Hitler’s view on Gypsies and Jews?

Answer 48

He believed they were the worst sub-humans and were unworthy of life.

Question 49

What happened to the Jews between 1938 and 1939?

Answer 49

They were fined to pay for the damage of Kristallnacht.

They were evicted from Germany and many were sent to concentration camps.

Question 50

When did the Holocaust begin?

Answer 50

1942, YOU WILL NOT BE ASSESSED ON THIS SO DON’T MENTION IT.

Question 51

What damage was done during Kristallnacht in November 1938?

Answer 51

100 Jews were killed.
814 shops destroyed.
191 synagogues destroyed.

Question 52

Who did Goebbels blame the Kristallnacht violence on?

Answer 52

The Jews, he stated that they would be punished.

Question 53

What happened during Kristallnacht in November 1938?

Answer 53

Gangs were stirred up into attacking Jewish shops and businesses.

Question 54

When were the Nuremberg laws decreed?

Answer 54

1935.

Question 55

What did the Nuremberg laws decree for the Jewish? (3)

Answer 55

Only those of German blood could be German citizens.
Jewish people lost their right to vote and had to wear yellow stars on their clothing to identify them.
Essentially they had been stripped of their human rights.

Question 56

How did persecution begin in 1933?

Answer 56

They were banned from inheriting land from September 1933.
Jews were banned from government jobs and teachers and civil servants were sacked.
In 1933 the Nazis also ordered a boycott of all Jewish shops.

Question 57

When were the Jews banned from fighting in the army?

Answer 57

May 1935.

Question 58

How were homosexuals treated?

Answer 58

They were faced with stronger and stronger laws against them.
Some were sent to concentration camps.
The Nazis encouraged the ‘voluntary castration’ of homosexuals.

Question 59

What was the law that the Nazis passed titled, ‘Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring’? (1933)

Answer 59

Made it compulsory for people to be sterilised if they were mentally ill, alcoholic, deformed, epileptic, deaf or blind.

Question 60

What was decided in 1939 surrounding disabilities and babies?

Answer 60

Babies with severe deformities should be killed at birth.

Question 61

Why was Anti-Semitism particularly strong in Germany in the 1930s? (4)

Answer 61

Germany had been the scapegoat for problems for hundreds of years - going back to Medieval times.
Jews were blamed for the Treaty of Versailles being signed.
Some of the big rebel leaders against the Kaiser in 1918 had been Jewish.
The stereotype was Jews were rich and most Germans were poor.