What is developmental psychology? Flashcards

1
Q

child development

A

understanding human development from conception to adolescence

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2
Q

factors that might influence the development of a child:

A
  • genetics
  • nutrition, illness, accidents
  • parents - views, values and practices
  • teachers, schools
  • siblings and family
  • local environment
  • traumatic experiences
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3
Q

periods of development

A
  • prenatal (conception to birth)
  • infancy and toddlerhood (0-2 yrs)
  • early childhood (2-6 yrs)
  • middle childhood (6-11 yrs)
  • adolescence (11-18 yrs)
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4
Q

Plato and ancient greece

A

thought that the immortal soul was resorted through education and development to its initial pure state

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5
Q

medieval times

A

childhood became to be seen as a distinct period of development, requiring protection

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6
Q

the reformation - 16th century

A
  • the religious movements of puritanism and Protestantism changed the ay children were seen
  • children were thought to be worn evil
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7
Q

John Locke - precursor for behaviourism

A
  • children are born as blank states

- emphasised effect of experience on children’s characters (nurture)

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8
Q

John Locke recommendations

A

for parents to spend time with their children, reward them with praise and avoid physical punishment

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9
Q

ethology

A

study of development from an evolutionary perspective, focusing on the adaptive nature of behaviour

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10
Q

Freud’s psychoanalytic theory

A

children develop in stages, each developing conflict between biological drives and social expectations

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11
Q

Skinner’s beaviourism

A

studied behavioural responses and their environmental determinants ‘operant or instrumental conditioning’
rewards, avoidance and punishments in the environment shape children’s behaviour

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12
Q

Bandura’s social learning theory

A

learning from interactions between the child and the physical and social environment. Observational learning and imitation (modelling)

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