what is clinical psychology?

Question 1

what is clinical psychology

Answer 1

apply theory and research to understand and alleviate human distress

focus on key concepts of assessments, formulation, treatment, and evaluation

Question 2

general figures

Answer 2

• 1 in 6 people experience a common mental health problem
• anxiety and depression are most common, with 7.8% of people meeting criteria
• 4-10% people will experience depression in their lifetime

Question 3

what is the critical practitioner model

Answer 3

considering how reality/knowledge is constructed and maintained by those with a vented interest

need to apply a critical lens to practice to ensure practice does not accidentally contribute to continuing social inequalities and injustice

Question 4

what is the science practitioner model?

Answer 4

• applying rigour and knowledge obtained from science to the practical problems faced in practice

practical application of scientific study of psychology

applying what we learn/know from research to clinical practice

Question 5

what is the reflective practitioner model

Answer 5

research shows that relationship is key to facilitate change

skilled psychological practice consists of more than following a prescribed set of techniques

need to bring together potentially conflicting ideas and difficulties into a defined explanation of problems (formulation)
->
then flexibly apply psychological knowledge to generate solutions

Question 6

roots of clinical psychology

Answer 6

• biopsychosocial model started in 500-300 B.C.
• the model was seeking to understand psychical and psychological disorders
• considered biological, psychological and social influences on health and illness

Question 7

who are the key philosophers

Answer 7

hippocrates and the principle of ‘do no harm’
- studied bodily fluids -> imbalances with blood, black bike, yellow bile and phlegm responsible for emotional disturbance

plato and student Aristotle -> both seen as prompting Hippocrates’ ideas

plato emphasised role of societal forces

Aristotle emphasised biological determinants

Question 8

William Tuke

Answer 8

promoted modern ideas of care

advocated for people to live and work at a country retreat which would help with wellbeing

Question 9

Benjamin rush

Answer 9

promoted use of moral therapy with mentally ill people

Question 10

Francis Galton

Answer 10

studied individual differences

part of enlightenment worldview

Question 11

Wundt

Answer 11

studied sensation and perception

psychology = study of human experience

Question 12

skinner

Answer 12

behaviourist

Question 13

pavlov

Answer 13

classical conditioning

Question 14

krapelin

Answer 14

influenced early work on assessment

believed mental health disorders were due to biological factors, with biological causes needing more than primitive methods that were available at the time

Question 15

Charcot

Answer 15

neurologist

worked on presentation known as hysteria

considered father of modern neurology

Question 16

Binet and Simon

Answer 16

developed intelligence test for French school children (Binet-Simon scale of intelligence

Question 17

Freud

Answer 17

neurologist

founder of psychoanalysis, a type of psychotherapy

developed therapeutic techniques

Question 18

Jung

Answer 18

worked closely with Freud

noted to have created some well known psychological concepts

Question 19

Bion and Winncot

Answer 19

theory of containment (thinking about relationships can emotionally contain us and help us thrive

Question 20

Wechsler

Answer 20

developed standardised intelligence assessments

Question 21

Michael white

Answer 21

founder of narrative therapy

Question 22

marsha linehan

Answer 22

developed dialectical behaviour therapy