Westward expansion

Question 1

what were cash crops and why were they bad

Answer 1

When farmers would grow one single, more desirable crop e.g wheat

This means if prices of this crop fell it would impact the farmers more dramatically

Question 2

describe railroad prices for farmers

Answer 2

did not drop in comparison to crop prices

Question 3

what did farmers sometimes do with their crops if the prices fell

Answer 3

burn them for fuel as it was cheaper

Question 4

when did Custer lead men into the Black Hills of Dakota

Answer 4

1874
Lead an army of 1000 men

Question 5

Loans for farmers problems

Answer 5

Monopolistic lenders would only lend farmers money for high interest as it was high risk
Interest 3% higher than in north

Question 6

When were the two panics in the gilded age

Answer 6

1873 and 1893

Question 7

What was the average income of the poorest 11m americans 1890

Answer 7

$1200/yr
Avg. of this group $380/yr (below poverty line)

Question 8

How was manifest destiny justified

Answer 8

‘Be fruitful and multiply’ from the bible
Spreading civilised Christian values
American exceptionalism linked back to founding fathers
Beacon of freedom

Question 9

Continentalism meaning

Answer 9

America should expand to the whole continent

Question 10

when was Alaska bought and for how much

Answer 10

1867
$7.2m

Question 11

when was the term manifest destiny coined

Answer 11

1845

Question 12

How many members did the Knights of Labour have in 1886

Answer 12

800k

Question 13

When was the AFL formed and who formed it

Answer 13

1886
Samuel Gompers

Question 14

How many labourers killed at woek per week 1882

Answer 14

675 avg.

Question 15

how much money for a child’s 14hr working day in the 1880s/1890s

Answer 15

27 cents

Question 16

limitations to manifest destiny

Answer 16

some thought the costs of a huge country would be too high
some thought it went against the values of a true republic

Question 17

Why would an immigrant be reluctant to move west

Answer 17

Clusters of culture e.g Chinatown- nice community so wouldn’t want to move

Question 18

Why would factory owners oppose westward expansion

Answer 18

needed labour in cities

Question 19

What was formed in 1894 to oppose immigration

Answer 19

Immigration Restriction league

Question 20

How many immigrants moved 1860-1890

Answer 20

10m

Question 21

What % lived in cities 1900 vs 1860

Answer 21

40% vs 20%

Question 22

What were the Orange Riots and when

Answer 22

1870-1871
Riots between Irish Catholics and Protestants

Question 23

Word for tension between old and new immigrants

Answer 23

Nativism

Question 24

when was the first Chinese exclusion act and what did it do

Answer 24

1882
Made it hard to return if visited China

Question 25

What % of Californians were Chinese 1880

Answer 25

9%

Question 26

When was the twine binder invented and who by

Answer 26

John Appleby Patented 1878

Question 27

When was the gasoline tractor invented

Answer 27

1892

Question 28

when was barbed wire invented

Answer 28

1873

Question 29

What fraction of Americans worked in agriculture at the end of the 19th century

Answer 29

1/3

Question 30

Which pest infested crops 1892

Answer 30

Boll Weevil

Question 31

What prevented farmers buying new machinery

Answer 31

Had to get expensive loans

Question 32

Where did US farmers have to compete with internationally

Answer 32

Australia

Question 33

What % of black and white farmers were tenant farmers 1890

Answer 33

75% black and 25-35% white

Question 34

How many bushels of wheat produced 1900

Answer 34

600m

Question 35

What did the government do to aid the development of the railroads

Answer 35

provided $200m of grants gave $16,000/mile of transcontinental railroad produced

Question 36

How many miles of railroad by 1890

Answer 36

163k

Question 37

When were time zones introduced and what did this do

Answer 37

1883- 4 time zones more efficient trains

Question 38

when was the first transcontinental railroad made

Answer 38

1869

Question 39

What did the pacific railroad act do and when was it

Answer 39

1862 Allowed the building of a transcontinental railroad Granted 19m hectares

Question 40

How many transcontinental railroads were build with help from federal grants

Answer 40

4/5

Question 41

What did the Homestead Act do and when was it

Answer 41

1862 Provided 160 acres if would farm it for 5 years

Question 42

What did the Timber and Culture Act do and when was it

Answer 42

1873 Provided an extra 160 acres if 40 was planted with trees

Question 43

What did the desert land act do and when was it

Answer 43

1877 640 acres at $1.25 if some was irrigated

Question 44

How many Bonanza farms by 1880

Answer 44

3,000

Question 45

When did lots of cattle die

Answer 45

cold winters 1885-87

Question 46

How much money could cowboys get land at

Answer 46

50 cents/ acre

Question 47

When did the meatpacking industry in Chicago develop

Answer 47

1868

Question 48

When was the Sioux Treaty signed

Answer 48

1868

Question 49

What did the Sioux treaty do

Answer 49

establish the Sioux reservation

Question 50

What was Grant's policy on native Americans

Answer 50

assimilation and reservation

Question 51

When were the Quakers sent to the West and why

Answer 51

1877 To enforce 'moral standards'

Question 52

What did Hayes do to help natives

Answer 52

rooted out corruption in the Bureau of Indian affairs

Question 53

when was the Treaty of Laramie and what did it do

Answer 53

1868 recognised the black hills as belonging to the Sioux Tribe

Question 54

when were the Lincoln county wars and who was fighting

Answer 54

1878-1881 cattle ranchers arguing over land and influence Billy the Kid involved

Question 55

what was the reaction to Custer's death and when did he die

Answer 55

1876 his widow painted him as a hero

Question 56

when were pullman sleeping cars introduced

Answer 56

1865