Great Depression

Question 1

Why was Hoover’s response to the stock market crash slow

Answer 1

There was no immediate financial collapse so he thought the markets would pick back up

Question 2

What did the 1929 Agricultural Marketing Act do?

Answer 2

Set up the Federal Farm Board to provide loans

Question 3

What did the Grain Stabilisation Coorporation do and when was it set up

Answer 3

1930
Tried to guarantee fair prices by buying produce

Question 4

When was Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
What did it do

Answer 4

1930
raised tariffs on 20k items so other countries put up tariffs in retaliation

Question 5

How much did Hoover give in federal farm loans

Answer 5

$47m

Question 6

What % of farmers had lost their land by 1932

Answer 6

25%

Question 7

What were two errors Hoover made

Answer 7

Too focused on balancing the budget
Too reliant on voluntarism

Question 8

What did the Federal Home Loan Bank Act do and when was it

Answer 8

set up discount banks to provide mortgages
1932 (Hoover)

Question 9

When did Hoover pass the Emergency Relief and Reconstruction Act

Answer 9

1932

Question 10

When and what was the Bonus march

Answer 10

1932
WW1 veterans protesting for the missed wages when they were fighting
Controversy as a baby was killed

Question 11

Unemployment in late 1931

Answer 11

7m

Question 12

What did FDR’s AAA do, when was it, was it successful

Answer 12

1933
Agricultural Adjustment Administration
Provided subsidies to prevent overproduction
considered the most successful New deal programme

Question 13

What did FDR’s CCC do
when was it

Answer 13

Civilian conservation corps
provided work
1933

Question 14

What did FDR’s FERA do

Answer 14

Federal Emergency Relief Act
Provided an initial $500m to local governments

Question 15

What was the PWA and when

Answer 15

Public works administration
employed people to build droads etc.
1933

Question 16

What did the TVA do and when was it

Answer 16

Tenesee valley authority
giving electricity and preventing floods in the deprived Tenessee valley
1932

Question 17

What did the emergency banking act do and when was it

Answer 17

1933 (FDR)
4 day bank holiday
Federal reserve could issue currency and supervise reopening of banks

Question 18

Limitations of the AAA

Answer 18

reduced the amount of land for cotton growing- made sharecroppers worse-off

Question 19

Why were the fireside chats good

Answer 19

Gave people more confidence in the economy

Question 20

What are three acts from the 2nd new deal

Answer 20

NRA
ERTA
SEC

Question 21

What did the NRA do

Answer 21

national recovery agency
promoted fair practice and stopped wage cuts

Question 22

What did the SEC do

Answer 22

securities and exchange commission
regulated banks

Question 23

When did the US leave the gold standard

Answer 23

1933

Question 24

How many people did the CWA provide jobs for

Answer 24

4m

Question 25

Unemployment in 1934

Answer 25

22m

Question 26

Unemployment in 1940

Answer 26

8m

Question 27

What did the FLSA do and when was it

Answer 27

1938 set minimum wage and 44hr week (reduced to 40hrs in 1940) for federal workers

Question 28

What did the SSA do and when was it

Answer 28

insurance for the disabled, elderly etc. 1935

Question 29

Limitations of the first new deal

Answer 29

full of compromises to keep businesses happy

Question 30

Who was Father Coughlin and what did he do

Answer 30

Had a radio show with 30m+ listeners called FDR a communist

Question 31

Which act did the supreme court rule unconstitutional and when

Answer 31

NRA 1935

Question 32

When did the economy reach 1929 levels

Answer 32

1937

Question 33

When was the Roosevelt recession and what happened

Answer 33

1938 Unemployment rose to 20%

Question 34

success of the NRA

Answer 34

2m companies agreed to some fair labour practices e.g 40hr work week this meant they achieved 'blue eagle' status Americans were encouraged to buy blue eagle goods as a sign of patriotism

Question 35

who was excluded from minimum wage

Answer 35

workers with union representation

Question 36

what was one reason people were opposed to the minimum wage

Answer 36

thought wages would not increase above this level

Question 37

criticisms of the TVA (3)

Answer 37

the electricity was essentially nationalised- unfair as could make prices much lower than private companies families had to be resettled black farmers did not get the same benefits (though not because the TVA itself was racist)

Question 38

when was the CWA dissolved and why

Answer 38

1934 fears that it would create too many jobs in the public sector which were only temporary

Question 39

problems with New Deal in NC

Answer 39

government required unskilled workers to be paid at least $0.50/ day and many farms could not afford this many were too proud to accept assistance, but there was more success once work programmes were implemented