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3A Mechanic Trainee > Welding > Flashcards

Welding Flashcards

1
Q

How do you adjust the flame

A

With just the acetylene burning you adjust the oxygen until a well defined white cone appears with a second bluish cone. At this point you have a betray flame

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2
Q

What is the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene on a neutral flame

A

1 to 1

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3
Q

What kind of metals are welded with the neutral flame

A 
Mild steel
Stainless
Cast iron
Copper
Aluminum
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4
Q

What is a carbonizing flame

A

The welding flame has a white inner cone with a white feathered cone enveloped with a blue feather
The metal will boil which allows it to absorb carbon. When cold it becomes brittle and subject to cracking

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5
Q

What is an oxidizing flame

A

Has a pointed inner cone with a small and narrow outer envelope
Slightly more than 1 volume of oxygen to 1 volume of acetylene

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6
Q

What metals are welded withe oxidizing flame

A

Zinc
Copper
Manganese steel
Cast iron

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7
Q

What is a flame backfire

A

This is a loud pop when the flame goes out

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8
Q

What causes backfires on torches

A
  1. Operating torch at lower pressures
  2. Touching tip against the work.
  3. Overheating the tip
  4. Obstruction of the top
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9
Q

What does E-6010 stand for

A

E- electric welding
60- tensile strength
1- welding position
0- special characteristics

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10
Q

What is tensile strength

A

The resistance of a material to break under tension

Express in psi ( pounds per square inch

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11
Q

What are the different position numbers

A

1- any position
2- horizontal or flat
3- flat only

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12
Q

What are the special characteristic numbers 0-4

A 
0-cellulose sodium, dcr 
1- cellulose potassium, Ac or DCR
2- Titania sodium, Ac or dcs 
3-Titania potassium, Ac, DCS or DCR
4- Titania iron powder, all three
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13
Q

What are the special characteristic numbers 5- 8

A
  1. Low hydrogen sodium, DCR
  2. Low hydrogen potassium, AC or DCR
    7- iron powder iron oxide, all three
    8- iron powder low hydrogen , Ac or DCR
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14
Q

What is polarity

A

Indicates the direction of current flow

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15
Q

What is DC straight (DCS) polarity

A

The stinger is connected to the negative and ground to the positive

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16
Q

What is DC reversed (DCR) polarity

A

Stinger connected to the positive and work connected to the negative

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17
Q

Why choose straight or reversed polarity

A

Straight gives you more heat when required to melt metal

Reverse gives weld greater holding power by less heat

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18
Q

What are the essentials for arc welding

A
  1. Correct electrode
  2. Correct Arc length
  3. Correct current
  4. Correct travel speed
  5. Correct electrode angle
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19
Q

What are the 4 rules for General welding in the safety appendix

A
  1. Wear appropriate gloves
    2 appropriate shaded lens for goggles and welding helmets
    3 no cutting or welding in areas with combustibles unless precautions have been taken
  2. No cutting or welding on piping or empty or sealed containers unless vented and purged
20
Q

What are the 8 practices for General welding in the safety appendix

A
  1. No low cut shoes with unprotected tops
  2. No oily or greasy clothing , wear fire retardant clothing
  3. Shields or barriers for observers
  4. No cutting or welding directly on concrete
  5. Don’t leave hot metal unattended unless properly marked
  6. Adequate ventilation or respirator
  7. Take precautions for hot falling metal when elevated work
    8 no butane lighters
21
Q

Arc rules from safety appendix

A
  1. Welding machine frame grounded
22
Q

Arc welding practices

A
  1. Check cables, holders, grounds, machine ect… For serviceability
23
Q

Gas welding rules from appendix (3 rules)

A
  1. Don’t alter or repair cylinder valves, don’t use a regulator for one type of gas and use on another.
  2. No oil or grease on or near oxygen
  3. Never use leaky hoses or couplings
24
Q

Gas weld practices

7

A
  1. Follow all precautions for gas cylinders for storage and handling
  2. Use only an approved lighter to light a torch
  3. Always close cylinder valve and release pressure after use
  4. Never keep a connected torch in a toolbox even if the pressure is released
  5. Check hoses, fittings, couplings valves, ect for serviceability
  6. Keep cylinders vertical and secured from falling
  7. Never place acetylene cylinder horizontally
25
Q

What do you do for metal handling according to the safety appendix

A
  1. Use a bar to separate sheets of metal to insert crane hooks or cables
  2. Before lifting everyone is clear of load
  3. Wear gloves
  4. Stay clear when cutting bands off of banded steel
  5. Truck driver ensures properly loaded and tied down
  6. when lifting or moving keep hands clear of load, use a tag line
  7. Store steel so there is no danger of falling
  8. Racks should be guarded to prevent injury
26
Q

What are the different flame types for the oxygen-acetylene welding?

A

Acetylene burning in atmosphere

  1. Excess Acetylene
  2. Neutral Flame
  3. Reducing or carbonizing
  4. Oxidizing
27
Q

What are the type of defects in welds.

A
  1. Blow holes
  2. Inclusions
  3. Porosity
28
Q

What is blowholes?

A

Cavitation caused by gas entrapment. Usually forms due to improper manipulation of the electrode and failure to maintain pool long enough to float out entrapped gas., slag and other foreign material

29
Q

What is inclusions

A

Impurities or foreign substances forced into the puddle during weld.

30
Q

What is porosity

A

Tiny pinholes generated by atmospheric conditions.

31
Q

Types of welds

A
  1. Surface weld
  2. Fillet weld
  3. Groove weld
  4. plug/slot weld
32
Q

What is a surface weld

A

1 or more stringers on unbroken metal to obtain desired properties and dimensions

33
Q

What is a fillet weld

A

A triangle in the cross section of two joint pieces at right angle to each other in a lap, T, or corner

34
Q

What are the diffent type of groove welds

A
  1. Square
  2. Single V
  3. Double V
  4. Single U
  5. Double U
  6. Single J
  7. Double J
35
Q

What are the 4 main welding positions

A
  1. Horizontal
  2. Flat
  3. Overhead
  4. Vertical
36
Q

What is an electrode

A

Used as a filler to join metal

37
Q

What is a bead

A

Narrow layer of metal deposited by the electrode

38
Q

What is a ripple

A

The shape of the bead

39
Q

What is a pass

A

Each layer of beads

40
Q

What is a crater

A

A depression in base metal

41
Q

What is penetration

A

The depth of fusion with the base metal

42
Q

What is reinforcement

A

Amount of weld piled up above the pieces being joined together

43
Q

What is a plug/slot weld

A

Used to join overlapping pieces by welding through holes or slots

44
Q

What is the toes of a weld

A

Point where metal and weld meet

45
Q

What is the face of a weld

A

Exposed surface of a weld bounded by the toes

46
Q

What is the Root

A

Opposite of the face (first pass you make)

47
Q

What is the Throat of a weld

A

Distance between the root and face of the weld

3A Mechanic Trainee (16 decks)

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