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Theories of Counselling > Weekly Quizzes Incorrect Answers > Flashcards

Weekly Quizzes Incorrect Answers Flashcards

1
Q

It is unethical for us to meet our personal needs through our professional work.

A

False

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2
Q

Practitioners anxious to avoid any litigation may gear their practices mainly toward fulfilling legal minimums.

A

True

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3
Q

‘Informed consent’ is an ethical requirement that is an integral part of the therapeutic process; however, it is not a legal requirement.

A

False

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4
Q

What is the primary rationale of conducting a comprehensive assessment of the client as the initial step in the therapeutic process?

A

Conducting a comprehensive assessment of the client offers inexperienced therapists a concrete framework from which to practice. Seasoned clinicians rarely use this approach since they can quickly assess the client’s problem.

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5
Q

Ethics codes:

A

are best used as guidelines to formulate sound reasoning and serve practitioners in making the best judgments possible.

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6
Q

Which of the following is not a vital contributor to the success of psychotherapy?

A

The therapeutic method employed.

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7
Q

Except for _______________________, which is unequivocally unethical, there is not much consensus regarding the appropriate way to deal with multiple relationships.

A

sexual intimacy with current clients

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8
Q

Psychoanalytically-oriented therapy can be made appropriate for culturally diverse populations if techniques are modified to fit the settings in which a therapist practices.

A

True

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9
Q

Ego psychology is not part of classical psychoanalysis with the emphasis placed on the vocabulary of id, ego, and superego.

A

False

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10
Q

The ‘working through’ process allows clients to complete all of the following except:

A

repeat and explore conscious events of the past that are pleasant.

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11
Q

Analytic therapy focuses on __________ that are happening in the moment in the therapy sessions.

A

feelings, perceptions, and action

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12
Q

Psychodynamic therapists know the importance of:

A

when and how to make interpretations; tact and timing are essential for effective interpretations.

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13
Q

Psychodynamic therapists remain alert to all of the following except:

A

Explore the clients past only.

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14
Q

The therapeutic relationship is central to all of the following except:

A

exploration on the part of the therapist.

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15
Q

The ability of therapists to gain self-understanding and to establish appropriate boundaries with clients is critical in managing and effectively using their:

A

countertransference reactions.

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16
Q

Striving for superiority is seen as a neurotic manifestation.

A

False

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17
Q

Adler maintains that our style of life is not set until middle age.

A

False

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18
Q

Adlerian counsellors do not make interpretations.

A

False

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19
Q

The Adlerian point of view toward the role of insight in therapy is best stated in this way:

A

To be of value, insight must be translated into a constructive action program

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20
Q

The lifestyle assessment includes information based on all of the following, except:

A

The individual constellation.

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21
Q

How would the Adlerian therapist view the personal problems of clients?

A

As the end result of a process of discouragement.

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22
Q

Which of the following is not one of the four phases of the Adlerian therapeutic process?

A

Teaching the client the process of free association.

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23
Q

Which term does not fit Adlerian therapy?

A

Deterministic

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24
Q

Which of the following does Adler not stress?

A

Direction in which people are headed.

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25
Q

The phenomenological orientation pays attention to the:

A

way in which individuals perceive their world.

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26
Q

Adlerians value early recollections as an important clue to the understanding of:

A

the unconscious dynamics that motivate behavior.

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27
Q

To its credit, existential therapy is compatible with the trend toward evidence-based practice.

A

False

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28
Q

__________, developed by Victor Frankl, is designed to help clients find meaning in life.

A

Logotherapy

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29
Q

Resistance is seen as part of ______________—how a person understands his or her being and relationship to the world at large.

A

the self-and-world construct

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30
Q

The existential therapist would probably agree that:

A

ultimately we are alone.

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31
Q

The existential “givens of existence” include all of the following except:

A

taxes

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32
Q

A major contribution of this approach has been the willingness of Rogers to state his formulations as testable hypotheses and to submit them to research.

A

True

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33
Q

One of the strengths of the person-centered approach is its impact on the field of philosophy with diverse cultural groups.

A

False

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34
Q

A limitation of this approach is that it is a long-term process.

A

False

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35
Q

Methods of Natalie Rogers’ expressive arts therapy are based on psychoanalytic concepts.

A

False

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36
Q

What quality(s) is (are) most often used in the person-centered approach?

A

Listening and responding honestly

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37
Q

In what stage do individuals intend to take action immediately and report some small behavioral changes?

A

Preparation

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38
Q

One strength of the person-centered approach is that:

A

therapists have the latitude to develop their own counselling style.

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39
Q

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is adjustment to society.

A

False

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40
Q

Recent trends in Gestalt practice include more emphasis on confrontation, more anonymity of the therapist, and increased reliance on techniques.

A

False

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41
Q

One of the functions of the therapist is to pay attention to the client’s body language.

A

False

42
Q

Gestalt techniques are primarily aimed at teaching clients to think rationally.

A

False

43
Q

A major function of the therapist is to make interpretations of clients’ behaviour so that they can begin to think about their patterns.

A

False

44
Q

The founder of Gestalt therapy contends that a frequent source of unfinished business is resentment.

A

False

45
Q

Which of the following is not a key concept of Gestalt therapy?

A

Intellectual understanding of one’s problems.

46
Q

According to the Gestalt view, awareness:

A

is by itself therapeutic

47
Q

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is to help clients:

A

move from environmental support to self-support.

48
Q

Gestalt therapy can best be characterised as:

A

an experiential therapy.

49
Q

Gestalt therapy encourages clients to do all of the following except:

A

Not pay attention to their own nonverbal messages.

50
Q

The tendency to uncritically accept others’ beliefs and standards without assimilating them to make them congruent with who we are is:

A

introjection

51
Q

The process of blurring the differentiation between the self and the environment is

A

confluence

52
Q

Which of the following is a shortcoming of Gestalt therapy as it is applied to working with culturally diverse populations?

A

Gestalt methods can lead to a high level of intense feelings, and some clients may have been culturally conditioned to be emotionally reserved and to avoid openly expressing feelings.

53
Q

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is based on helping clients control or change unpleasant sensations and thoughts.

A

False

54
Q

Behavioural techniques can be effectively incorporated into a group counselling format.

A

True

55
Q

Mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches:

A

have been subjected to empirical scrutiny.

56
Q

In behaviour therapy it is generally agreed that:

A

the client, with the help of the therapist, should decide the treatment goals.

57
Q

Which is not true as it is applied to behaviour therapy?

A

Insight is necessary for behaviour change to occur.

58
Q

Most behavioural practitioners stress the value of establishing a collaborative working relationship with clients but contend that:

A

warmth, empathy, authenticity, permissiveness and acceptance are necessary, but not sufficient, for behaviour change to occur.

59
Q

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction practices rely on:

A

experiential learning and client self-discovery.

60
Q

Which is not true of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?

A

DBT is a blend of Adlerian concepts and behavioural techniques.

61
Q

Cognitive therapy, an evidence-based therapy for depression, was developed by Meichenbaum.

A

False

62
Q

Ellis shares Rogers’ view of the client–therapist relationship as a condition for change to occur within clients.

A

False

63
Q

Beck developed a procedure known as stress-inoculation training.

A

False

64
Q

According to Albert Ellis, to feel worthwhile, human beings need love and acceptance from significant others.

A

False

65
Q

A difference between Beck’s cognitive therapy and Ellis’ REBT is that Beck places more emphasis on helping clients discover their misconceptions for themselves than does Ellis.

A

True

66
Q

Which of the following is not a part of stress inoculation training?

A

Exception questions

67
Q

REBT views the core of emotional disturbances to be:

A

blame

68
Q

One of the most common CBT group approaches is:

A

based on REBT principles and techniques.

69
Q

Meichenbaum’s ______________________focuses more on helping clients become aware of their self-talk and the stories they tell about themselves.

A

self-talk analysis

70
Q

Beck’s cognitive therapy places more emphasis on:

A

helping clients identify misconceptions for themselves.

71
Q

In self-instructional training, which of the following is given primary importance?

A

Helping clients become aware of their self-talk.

72
Q

A good way to change behaviour is for us to be self-critical.

A

False

73
Q

The focus of reality therapy is on attitudes and feelings.

A

False

74
Q

When working with clients from certain ethnic groups, reality therapy exposes shortcomings. Which of the following is not a shortcoming?

A

t provides clients with tools to make the changes they desire.

75
Q

According to this approach, insight:

A

is not sufficient for producing behaviour change on its own.

76
Q

Which is not a key concept of reality therapy?

A

unconcious motivation

77
Q

Which of the following is not true of reality therapy?

A

Working through the transference relationship is essential for therapy to occur.

78
Q

Regarding the goals of reality therapy:

A

it is to help clients learn better ways of fulfilling all of their needs.

79
Q

Which statement is not true of reality therapy?

A

It focuses on attitude change as a prerequisite for behaviour change.

80
Q

An axiom of choice theory is that:

A

although the past may have contributed to a current problem, the past is never the problem.

81
Q

Therapist self-disclosure is rarely used in feminist therapy.

A

False

82
Q

Historically, multicultural approaches evolved in response to all of the following except:

A

Multicultural society.

83
Q

The beginnings of feminism (often referred to as the first wave) can be traced to the late 1800s, but the women’s movement of the 1960s (the second wave) laid the foundation for the development of:

A

feminist therapy.

84
Q

Which of the following interventions is least likely to be used by a feminist therapist?

A

Analysis and interpretation of transference.

85
Q

Goals of feminist therapy include all of the following except:

A

Striving for change and adjustment.

86
Q

__________ explain differences in the behaviour of women and men in terms of socialisation processes rather than on the basis of our “innate” natures.

A

Gender-fair approaches

87
Q

________ uses concepts and strategies that apply equally to individuals and groups regardless of age, race, culture, gender, ability, class, or sexual orientation.

A

Flexible-multicultural perspectives.

88
Q

Culturally competent feminist therapists look for ways to work within the context of:

A

the client’s culture.

89
Q

Narrative therapy is a relational and anti-individualistic practice.

A

True

90
Q

Narrative therapists pay more attention to a client’s past than they do to the client’s present and future.

A

False

91
Q

In solution-focused therapy, gathering extensive information about a problem is a necessary step in helping clients find a solution to the problem.

A

False

92
Q

Because solution-focused therapy is designed to be brief, it is essential that therapists teach clients specific strategies for understanding their problems.

A

False

93
Q

Which of the following is true of social constructionist theory?

A

The therapist-as-expert is replaced by the client as expert.

94
Q

A major strength of both solution-focused and narrative therapies is the:

A

use of questioning.

95
Q

___________ is a psychological expression of the postmodern worldview that values the client’s reality without disputing whether it is accurate or rational.

A

Social constructionism

96
Q

A potential shortcoming of the postmodern approaches pertains to:

A

not-knowing stance the therapist assumes, along with the assumption of the client-as-expert.

97
Q

Which of the following is not a basic assumption guiding the practice of solution-focused brief therapy?

A

Using techniques in therapy is a way of discounting a client’s capacity to find his or her own way.

98
Q

Pretherapy change is a solution-focused therapy technique that:

A

asks clients to address changes that have taken place from the time they made an appointment to the first therapy session.

99
Q

Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe life without the problem?

A

The miracle question.

100
Q

In narrative therapy, the process of finding evidence to bolster a new view of the person as competent enough to have stood up to, or defeated, the dominance or oppression of the problem refers to:

A

the search for unique outcomes.

101
Q

Which of the following statements about creating alternative stories is not not true?

A

The narrative therapist analyses and interprets the meaning of a client’s story.

Theories of Counselling (35 decks)

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