Practice Exam 3

Question 1

Which one of the following is not associated with the cognitive-behavioral action-oriented therapies?

Answer 1

Existential therapy

Question 2

Which of these statements about interventions is true?

Answer 2

During the course of an individual’s therapy, different interventions may be needed at different times.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about theories or models of counseling/psychotherapy is true?

Answer 3

There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society.

Question 4

Which one of the following is not considered an experiential and relationship-oriented therapy?

Answer 4

Family systems therapy

Question 5

Clients have a right to know about __________ before making highly personal disclosures.

Answer 5

the limits of confidentiality

Question 6

The technique whereby the analyst explains the meaning of certain behaviour is known as:

Answer 6

interpretation

Question 7

In order to meet the goals of psychoanalytic treatment, Rhonda must help her eating disordered clients to

Answer 7

reduce their symptoms and resolve their internal conflicts.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship a client has with his or her analyst?​

Answer 8

The client is free to express any idea or feeling, no matter how irresponsible, scandalous, politically incorrect, selfish, or infantile.

Question 9

A person with a __________ personality disorder is characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsive anger, and extreme mood shifts. This person is lacking a clear sense of identity, has poor impulse control, and an inability to tolerate anxiety.​

Answer 9

borderline

Question 10

In Freud’s view, an individual experiencing neurotic anxiety feels:

Answer 10

he will not be able to control his instincts and will behave inappropriately.

Question 11

Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling?

Answer 11

Analysis of resistances between family members

Question 12

The purpose of examining a client’s family constellation is to:

Answer 12

get a picture of the individual’s early social world.

Question 13

All of the following are stages in Adlerian counseling except

Answer 13

analysis of resistance

Question 14

One contribution of Adlerian therapy is that

Answer 14

practitioners are given a great deal of freedom in working with their clients.

Question 15

The Adlerian approach is well suited to multicultural counseling because the

Answer 15

approach encourages clients to define themselves within their social context.

Question 16

The therapist’s presence is:​

Answer 16

both a condition and a goal of therapeutic change.

Question 17

Philosophically, the existentialists would agree that:

Answer 17

making choices can create anxiety.

Question 18

Which is not an essential aim of existential-humanistic therapy?

Answer 18

To dispute clients’ irrational beliefs

Question 19

When is the counseling process at its best from an existential viewpoint?

Answer 19

When the deepest self of the therapist meets the deepest part of the client.

Question 20

According to existentialists, our search for meaning involves all of the following except

Answer 20

exploring unfinished business.

Question 21

In order for a therapist to communicate ‘accurate empathic understanding’ the counselor must:

Answer 21

connect emotionally to the client’s subjective world.

Question 22

What is the most important factor related to progress in person-centered therapy?

Answer 22

The relationship between the client and therapist

Question 23

From Carl Rogers’s perspective the client/therapist relationship is characterized by

Answer 23

a sense of equality.

Question 24

What is a limitation of person-centered therapy?

Answer 24

The approach does not emphasize the role of techniques in creating change in the client’s behaviour.

Question 25

Adrianne, who is uncertain about her career goals and is afraid to commit to any career path, is working with a therapist who specializes in using motivational interviewing strategies. What will her therapist look for in order to assess the success of therapy?

Answer 25

A reduction in Adrianne’s ambivalence about choosing a career path and an increase in her intrinsic motivation to clarify her direction

Question 26

A critical difference between early Gestalt therapy and relational Gestalt therapy is the

Answer 26

approach to confrontation

Question 27

Contemporary Gestalt therapists view client resistance as a

Answer 27

creative adjustment to a situation and something to be respected.

Question 28

Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person in a group to speak to each of the other group members?

Answer 28

making the rounds

Question 29

Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah’s therapist:

Answer 29

should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream.

Question 30

According to the Gestalt perspective, if people do not remember their dreams, then:

Answer 30

they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their lives.

Question 31

Behaviour therapy is based on:

Answer 31

an experimental analysis of behaviour in the client’s own social environment.

Question 32

Which of the following is true about “technical eclecticism” in multimodal therapy?

Answer 32

Therapists use techniques from a variety of theories to a wide range of problems.

Question 33

Which is not true of the relationship between therapist and client in behavior therapy?

Answer 33

The therapist is solely responsible for setting treatment goals.

Question 34

The type of cognitive error that involves thinking and interpreting in all-or-nothing terms, or in categorizing experiences in either/or extremes, is known as:​

Answer 34

polarized thinking.

Question 35

Behavior therapists look to the current environmental events that maintain problem behaviors and help clients produce behavior change by changing environmental events, through a process called:

Answer 35

functional assessment

Question 36

The client’s quality world consists of all of the following except:

Answer 36

insight

Question 37

Reality therapy rests on the central idea that:

Answer 37

we choose our behavior and are responsible for what we do, think, and feel.

Question 38

Reality therapy is often considered as a:

Answer 38

mentoring process

Question 39

Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ?

Answer 39

Reliving an early childhood event

Question 40

What do reality therapists believe about the use of questions?​

Answer 40

Relevant questions help clients gain insights and arrive at plans and solutions.

Question 41

Feminist therapists do not use diagnostic labels, or use them reluctantly, for all of the following reasons except that:

Answer 41

they focus on the social factors that cause dysfunctional behavior.

Question 42

A limitation of the feminist approach from a diversity perspective is:

Answer 42

the risk of imposing the therapist’s own values on clients from diverse groups.

Question 43

__________ is at the core of feminist therapy and marked by authenticity, mutuality, and respect.

Answer 43

The egalitarian relationship

Question 44

__________ assists clients in identifying the impact that their own gender-role socialization has played in shaping their values, thoughts, and behaviors.

Answer 44

Gender role or social identity analysis

Question 45

Of the following, which is one of the major contributions that feminists have made to the field of counselling and psychotherapy?

Answer 45

Paving the way for gender-sensitive practice

Question 46

In the view of the postmodern therapist, the most essential element of therapy is:

Answer 46

the collaborative therapeutic relationship.

Question 47

Narrative therapists pay attention to ‘sparkling moments’, such as:

Answer 47

identifying instances when the problem did not completely dominate the client’s life.

Question 48

If a client comes to therapy because someone else (a spouse, parent, teacher, or probation officer) thinks the client has a problem, it describes which solution-focused therapeutic relationship?

Answer 48

Vistor

Question 49

From a social constructionist perspective, change begins with:

Answer 49

deconstructing the power of cultural narratives.

Question 50

All of the following are techniques used in solution-focused therapy except for:

Answer 50

using the reflecting team

Question 51

In the assessment process, questions a family therapist might ask include all of the following, except:

Answer 51

How can I give voice to my own impulses and fantasies?

Question 52

The techniques of joining, boundary setting, unbalancing, reframing, ordeals, enactments, and paradoxical interventions are most likely to be part of which approach to family therapy?

Answer 52

Structural-strategic family therapy

Question 53

From the family systems perspective, symptoms are often viewed as:

Answer 53

an expression of a set of habits and patterns within a family.

Question 54

In structural-strategic family therapy, __________ must occur in a family before an individual’s symptoms can be reduced or eliminated.

Answer 54

structural changes

Question 55

Roger and his wife are experiencing tension in their relationship because he believes she is far too lenient with their children when they misbehave. This forces him to play the role of ‘bad cop’ as a parent, which makes him angry. A family therapist working with Roger and his family might:

Answer 55

help to modify the family’s transactional rules and develop more appropriate boundaries.

Question 56

The ‘common factors’ approach to psychotherapy integration:

Answer 56

searches for common elements across different theoretical systems.

Question 57

Which of the following therapies is based on a growth model and is applicable to varied spheres of life such as child guidance, parent–child counseling, and marital and family therapy?

Answer 57

Adlerian therapy

Question 58

Which of the following approaches to therapy stresses the attitude of the therapist over the use of techniques?

Answer 58

Person-centered therapy

Question 59

A limitation of person-centred therapy is:

Answer 59

the emphasis on complex ideas and concepts.

Question 60

Which of the following is designed to evaluate and to improve the quality and effectiveness of counseling services?

Answer 60

Feedback-informed treatment