Weekly-Part 1 Flashcards
fertile
بارور، حاصلخیز، پر میوه، پرحاصل
- fertile fields
- a fertile mind
- a fertile imagination
- fertile seed
- In order to turn the deserts into fertile and productive land, engineers built an 800-mile canal.
بارورگر، پر ثمر کننده، حاصلخیز کننده
*the sun’s fertile warmth
tremendous
عظیم، فوق العاده *a tremendous explosion *A tremendous amount of work has gone into the project. *It was a tremendous experience. =very great =extremely good
conjectural
وهمی، حدسی، فرضی
*He uses the words “guess” and “suppose” frequently, showing that the whole argument is purely conjectural.
- An expert’s opinion must not be based upon speculative or conjectural data.
- How this momentous event happened is still highly conjectural.
- Since there are no historical records about the incident, the entire movie is based on a conjectural premise.
- Even though the tip seemed conjectural, the detectives still had to look into the accusation.
precisely
دقیقا، مو به مو، درست، با دقت صریحا، عینا همینطور
- exactly:
- The fireworks begin at eight o’clock precisely.
- What do you think the problem is, precisely?
- used to emphasize what you are saying:
- “You look tired - you should go home and rest.” “I’m going to do precisely that.”
- But it’s precisely because of the noise that they’re thinking of moving.
- carefully and accurately:
- He works slowly and precisely whereas I tend to rush things and make mistakes.
Appeal
درخواست کردن؛ تقاضا کردن
* the Governor appealed for help for earthquake victims
تقاضا؛ درخواست
latency
نهفتگی، دوره کمون، دوره عکس العمل
*The latency period for the cancer is 15 years.
*They measured the latency of the brain’s response to a stimulus.
زمان تاخیر (علوم کامپیوتر)
*If there is high latency, messages can take minutes or longer to be delivered.
*Latency is a measure of delay. In a network, latency measures the time it takes for some data to get to its destination across the network.
*Latency is the delay between a user’s action and a web application’s response to that action
*There are four main components that affect network latency
cull
جمع اوری کردن، گلچین کردن،برگزیدن، دستچین کردن
خوب وارسی کردن (به منظور گزیدن یا رد کردن)
حذف کردن
*She went to strange lands to cull recipes for her book.
- to select from a group : CHOOSE
- culled the best passages from the poet’s work
- Damaged fruits are culled before the produce is shipped.
- to reduce or control the size of (something, such as a herd) by removal (as by hunting or slaughter) of especially weak or sick individuals
- The town issued hunting licenses in order to cull the deer population.
- culling a herd of cattle
معنی اول در کمبریج:
- When people cull animals, they kill them, especially the weaker members of a particular group of them, in order to reduce or limit their number
- The plan to cull large numbers of baby seals has angered environmental groups.
- If you cull animals or plants, you kill or remove them:
- to cull growing herds before they run out of food
- culling dead timber
- culling diseased cows
- culled hundreds of deer
overwhelm
فرا گرفتن
- that village has been overwhelmed by desert sand
- They were overwhelmed with/by grief when their baby died.
- I was overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received.
- A sense of inadequacy overwhelmed me.
از توان انداختن، از پا در آوردن، در هم کوبیدن، در هم شکستن
- We were overwhelmed by the number of applications.
- They would be overwhelmed with paperwork.
- In 1532 the Spaniards finally overwhelmed the armies of Peru.
outage
(برق) قطع، خاموشی، (کار و غیره) وقفه، تعطیل
- a power outage
- The radio news reported power outages affecting 50 homes.
encompass
شامل بودن
=enfold
*The study encompasses the social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.
*The festival is to encompass everything from music, theatre, and ballet to literature, cinema, and the visual arts.
convergence
همگرایی همسانی تلاقی *a convergence of interests/opinions/ideas *the convergence of the three rivers
خیلی زیاد با
point of
می آید
*The near point of convergence break was measured 4 times repeatedly with an accommodative target.
expenditure
هزینه، مصرف، خرج
*an expenditure of energy
مخارج، هزینه‌ها
- The government’s annual expenditure on arms has been reduced.
- income should exceed expenditures
- an increase in military expenditures
mutual
متقابل، دوطرفه
- mutual affection
- Theirs was a partnership based on mutual respect, trust and understanding.
- The agreement was terminated by mutual consent.
مشترک، مشاع
- they had long been mutual enemies
- enjoying their mutual hobby
coincidence
تصادف، اتفاق
- Just by coincidence, I met my old schoolmate again 50 years later.
- You chose exactly the same wallpaper as us - what a coincidence!
- Is it just a coincidence that the wife of the man who ran the competition won first prize?
- a series of strange/amazing coincidences
steady
بی حرکت
*I’ll hold the boat steady while you climb in.
Most rental prices have held steady this year.
*a steady ladder.
*Keep the camera steady while you take a picture.
پیوسته، یکنواخت،بی وقفه
- The procession moved through the streets at a steady pace.
- Orders for new ships are rising, after several years of steady decline.
- a steady rain
genuine
اصیل، واقعی (در مقابل جعلی یا قلابی)
معتبر
- genuine leather
- The painting is a genuine Picasso.
counterfeit
جعلی،تقلبی، بدلی
=fake
جعل کردن یا شدن
- counterfeit coin
- criminals were counterfeiting dollars
- This watch may be a counterfeit, but it looks just like the original.
- We have made it significantly more difficult for them to counterfeit this document.
- Two women and a man have been convicted of counterfeiting $100 bills.
consent
رضایت دادن، راضی بودن
رضایت، موافقت، اجازه
*They can’t publish your name without your consent.
You can only come on the trip if your parents give their consent.
*Her latest novel, by common consent, is her best yet.
*My aunt never married because her father wouldn’t consent to her marriage.
*I asked to leave the room, and the teacher gave his consent.
excerpt
گزیده، نقل قول
برگزیدن، نقل قول کردن
- An excerpt from her new thriller will appear in this weekend’s magazine.
- This passage has been excerpted from her latest novel.
solicit
متوسل شدن به، دست به دامن کسی شدن، درخواست کردن، تقاضا کردن، التماس کردن =ask=require *to solicit donations for a charity * to solicit the committee for funds. * He solicited aid from the minister. *She is too shy to solicit
homely
صاف و ساده، خودمانی، دوستانه، معمولی، روزمره
- The hotel was homely and comfortable.
- satisfy themselves with houses, furniture, books and clothes that were worn and homely and friendly to the touch
- I wanted a homely room but I wanted it to look smart, too.
- We try and provide a very homely atmosphere.
- Mrs Jones was a pleasant, homely person with a ready smile.
- homely virtues محسنات معمولی
plainly
به سادگی، روشن
رک، صریحا
*express yourself plainly
=directly =Foursquare
آشکارا، هویدا، به وضوح
*he was plainly tired
=apparently=evidently=obviously=visibly
- This is plainly wrong.
- Every footstep could be plainly heard.
- The men had plainly lied.
- Plainly, a great deal of extra time will be needed for the security checks.
- The judge’s conclusion was plainly wrong.
- Plainly, a more objective method of description must be adopted.
- He was plainly annoyed.
- I could plainly see him turning his head to the right and left.
- Loch plainly felt guilty about it.
procession
صف مردم، گروه مشایعین
- a wedding/funeral procession
- The festival will open with a procession led by the mayor.
- My day has just been a never-ending procession of visitors.
- …religious processions.
- They marched in procession to the Capitol building.
- an endless procession of visitors
mere
صرف، محض ،فقط، تنها
- She lost the election by a mere 20 votes.
- He’s a mere child.
- It can’t be a mere coincidence that they left at the same time.
- Admission costs a mere $5 for adults, and only $1 for children.
- Most of the soldiers were mere boys.
- That may be mere coincidence-but it is also perhaps symbolic.
- Another mere coincidence, say school officials, adding that Tarkanian was adamant about having such a watchdog on staff.
- It has happened too often to me to be mere coincidence.
- Logic suggests this can not be reduced to mere coincidence.
- These schools were, for the most part, inferior. The mere fact of racial imbalance represented a form of inequality.
- What had made him change his mind? The mere fact of Ryan’s being in her cottage?
- used to emphasize that something which is small or not extreme has a big effect or is important
- The merest little noise makes him nervous.
- The mere thought of food made her feel sick.
- The mere fact that the talks are continuing is a positive sign.
Preface
پیشگفتار، دیباچه، مقدمه
- usually, a preface explains the purpose and plan of a book
- In his preface, the author says that he took eight years to write the book.
competence
- [countable] (also competency) formal a skill needed to do a particular job
- Typing is considered by most employers to be a basic competence.
- [uncountable] the ability to do something well
- -competence in
- Students will gain competence in a wide range of skills.
- -competence of
- He questioned the competence of the government.
*Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
لیاقت، کارایی، مهارت، تبحر، کاردانی، شایستگی
- Her competence as a teacher is unquestionable.
- He reached a reasonable level of competence in his English.
profession
حرفه
-any type of work that needs special training or a particular skill, often one that is respected because it involves a high level of education
- He left the teaching profession in 1965 to start his own business.
- The report notes that 40 percent of lawyers entering the profession are women.
- Teaching as a profession is very underpaid.
- He’s a doctor by profession.
practitioner
شاغل
-someone involved in a skilled job or activity
- Elizabeth Quan is a London-based practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine.
- She was a medical practitioner (= a doctor) before she entered politics.
- a French doctor who was once the most famous practitioner of natural childbirth
initiative
-DECISIONS-[uncountable] the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
- I wish my son would show more initiative.
- Don’t keep asking me for advice. Use your initiative.
- Lt. Carlos was not obeying orders. He acted on his own initiative (=he was not told what to do).
- PLAN [countable] an important new plan or process to achieve a particular aim or to solve a particular problem
- a government initiative to help exporters
- an education initiative
- -initiative for
- a new initiative for peace in the Middle East
- LAW [countable] law a process by which ordinary citizens can officially suggest a change in the law by signing a petition
آغازی، ابتکار عمل، ابتکار
، مقدماتی، اولیه
*Business analysis is a broad profession in which business analysts might perform
work for many different types of initiatives across an enterprise.
