Week of July 20 Flashcards
List four requirements/ provisions from the international code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes
The Code includes these ten important provisions:
No advertising of products under the scope of the Code to the public.
No free samples to mothers.
No promotion of products in health care facilities, including the distribution of free or low cost supplies.
No company representatives to advise mothers.
No gifts or personal samples to health workers.
No words or pictures idealizing artificial feeding, including pictures of infants on the labels of products.
Information to health workers should be scientific and factual.
All information on use of breastmilk substitutes, including the labels, should explain the benefits of breastfeeding and all costs and hazards associated with artificial feeding.
Unsuitable products such as sweetened condensed milk should not be promoted for babies.
Products should be of a high quality and take into account the climatic and storage conditions of the country where they are used.
What is the goal of the baby friendly initiative?
Protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding
in facilities providing maternity and newborn services.
List three major changes between the original BFI steps and the new steps released in 2018.
- Inclusion of compliant with the international code of marketing of breast milk supplements within the 10 steps
- Responsibility of facility is now to facilitate discharge and linkage to community services rather than directly providing community services (breast feeding support groups)
- Now advises counselling mothers on against the use of bottles, teats and pacifiers rather than prohibiting them
What are four policy interventions that can be used to reduce obesity in Canada? Provide an example.
Education - regularly publish and promote information health eating and activity (Canada Food guide)
Economic - modify the cost of food through subsidies so that healthy foods are less expensive and use taxes to make ultraprocessed food more expensive
Service Delivery - improve food offering by governments (jails, schools, military)
Laws - ban certain food types of activities (prohibit marketing of foods to children)
List 6 steps in reproecessing of instruments
- Pre-clean - remove visible soil and transport to reprocessing area
- Disassembly and soaking - soak and pre-treat with enzymatic cleaner
- Cleaning (mechanical) - mechanically remove soil with detergent, clean and flush lumens
- Rinsing and drying
- High-level disinfection or sterilization - if using high-level disinfectant document process parameters, if using steam sterilization document (time temperature pressure)
- Store in transport in manner that avoid damage or contamination
What are four ways that an IPAC lapse can occur in an office based setting?
- Reuse of a single use instrument or piece of equipment
- Improper re-processing of multi-use instrument - did not mechanically clean instrument lumen before high-level disinfection
- Improper storage of correctly processed medical equipment
- Inadequate documentation of processing procedures (i.e. may have correctly following reprocessing but did not record key procedures such as autoclave temperature and pressure or use of biological indicator).
- Mechanical Failure of sterilizer
Due to a series of PH emergencies your health unit is coming in 3 percent over budget. Assuming that no additional revenue is available and there is 3 months left in your fiscal year what are 4 ways that you can have a balanced budget.
Ways to decrease expenditures
- Salary gapping
- Decrease material and supplies budget
- Restructuring (letting individuals go)
- capital asses sales (ex. buildings)
- professional substitution (ex. LPN vs. RN)
- technological efficiencies
You have identified the need to fund a new program aimed at providing a service for an unmet community need. There is currently no dedicated funding in your budget to fund the program. What are three ways you can create room in a budget for a new expenditure?
Decrease costs in another program area
One time Revenue Gain (sale of assets, draw from reserve funds)
Increase regular program funding (apply for funding from funders, increase cost of provided services)
List 4 sources of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation.
cell phone towers, broadcasting towers, cell phones, microwaves, MRIs, high voltage powerlines, WiFi
What is electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome?
Collection of non-specific symptoms experienced by individuals who believe it is a result of RF-EMF.
-headache, dizziness, fatigue, myalgias, rashes, sleep disturbance.
There is currently no evidence to confirm the existence of this syndrome as a medical condition.
What are the steps of integrated pest management?
- Identify and monitor for pests
- Set action thresholds
- Prevention measures
- Control measures
What are the six steps of a situational assessment
- Determine Key Question
- what is the situation, what is making it better/ worse, what actions can you take to address? - Develop Data Gathering Plan
- Gather the data
- Organize and Synthesize the data
- SWOT analyses or force field analyses - Communicate the findings
- Consider how to proceed with planning
What is the purpose of a situational assessment?
Systematic process to gather analyze and communicate data to inform a planning decision
Helps do the following
- Learn about a population of interest
- Anticipate trends and issues that may impact planning / implementation
- Set priorities
- Inform pending decisions
Steps in a health equity assessment
Scoping
Potential impacts
Mitigation
Monitoring
Dissemination
Steps in a health impact assessment
Screening - determining if an HIA is warranted/required
Scoping - determining which impacts will be considered and the plan for the HIA
Identification and assessment of impacts - determining the magnitude, nature, extent and likelihood of potential health impacts, using a variety of different methods and types of information
Decision-making and recommendations - making explicit the trade-offs to be made in decision-making and formulating evidence-informed recommendations
Evaluation, monitoring and follow-up - process and impact evaluation of the HIA and the monitoring and management of health impacts
