Week Five Flashcards
Value Formation
Family experience
Moral development
Cultural, ethnic, and religious communities (cultural values)
Individual experiences
Values
A strong personal belief
An ideal or standard that a person or group believes has merit, which individuals and professions strive to uphold
Reflect cultural and social influences, relationships, and personal needs
Values Clarification
Choosing one’s beliefs and behaviours
Prizing one’s beliefs and behaviours
Acting on one’s beliefs
Value conflict
Relational communication
Ethics
The moral practices, beliefs and standards of individuals or groups
Ethical Theory
The study of the nature and justification of general ethical principles that can be applied to moral problems
Biomedical Ethics
Explores ethical questions and moral issues associated with health care
Nursing Ethics
Moral questions within the sphere of nursing practice
Deontonology
An ethical theory that defines actions as right or wrong
Based on fidelity, truthfulness, justice
Does not look at consequences of actions
Utilitarianism (Consequentialism)
An ethical theory that purposes the value of something is determined by its usefulness
Seeks outcome with greatest good for greatest amount of people
Bioethics
An ethical theory that is obligation and reason based as well as outcome oriented
Obligation and reason based, outcome-oriented, non-malficence, justice
Guided by autonomy, beneficence
Feminist Ethics
Ethical theory that looks at inequalities between people
Relational Ethics
Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships, especially as they are revealed in personal narratives
Four Fundamental Ethical Responsibilities of Nurses
To promote health
To prevent illness
To restore health
To alleviate suffering
Professional Nursing Code of Ethics
Is a set of guiding principles accepted by all members of a profession
Helps professional groups settle questions about practice or behaviour
Includes responsibility, accountability, and advocacy
Purpose of a Code of Ethics
Inform the public
Provide a sign of professional commitment
Outline major ethical considerations of the profession
Guide the profession in self-regulation
Remind professional of their obligations and responsibilities in providing care
Values in CNA Code of Ethics
Providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care
Promoting health and well-being
Promoting and respecting informed decision making
Preserving dignity
Maintaining privacy and confidentiality
Promoting justice
Being accountable
Autonomy
founded on respect for persons that assumes that a capable and competent person is free to determine a self-chosen plan or course of action
Nonmaleficence
Not causing harm to others
Benificence
To produce something good or benefit another person
Fidelity
Loyalty, honesty, promise-keeping, and truth-telling
Justice
The fair treatment of individuals or groups within society
How to Process an Ethical Dilema
Step 1: Determine whether the issue is an ethical dilemma.
Step 2: Gather all relevant information.
Step 3: Examine and determine your own values on the issues.
Step 4: Verbalize the problem.
Step 5: Consider possible courses of action.
Step 6: Reflect on the outcome.
Step 7: Evaluate the action and the outcome.
Ethical Issues in Nursing Practice
Patient care issues Informed consent Futile care Advance directives Withdrawal of food and hydration
Issues of safety in the work environment
Ethical Dilema
arise when the best course of action is unclear, when there are strong moral reasons on both sides of an argument
Ethical Distress
a feeling of discomfort that arises in situations where nurses know or believe they know the right thing to do, but for various reasons (including fear or circumstances beyond their control) do not or cannot take the right action or prevent a particular harm
Ethical or moral distress = when one is unable to act on ethical choices, when constraints interfere with acting in a way believed to be right.
Situations in which nurses cannot fulfill their ethical obligations and commitments because of error in judgment, insufficient resolve, other circumstances
Signs and Symptoms of Ethical Distress
Angry Frustrated Depressed Ashamed Embarrassed Heartsick Miserable Painful Sad Ineffective
Resolving Ethical Distress
Recognize
Refer
Request
USE THE CODE
