Week Eleven

Question 0

Research

Answer 0

Nursing research sets out to test the statements made by theorists

Question 1

Theory

Answer 1

A set of established statements or rules that are able to be tested

Question 2

Practice

Answer 2

When nurses carry out their actions which are driven by multiple factors, including theory and research

Question 3

Grand Theory

Answer 3

A global, conceptual framework that provides insight into abstract phenomena

Question 4

Middle-Range Theory

Answer 4

Are less abstract than grand theory.

Address more specific phenomena and reflect practice

Question 5

Descriptive Theory

Answer 5

Have the ability to explain, relate and predict phenomena of concern, specific to nursing

Question 6

Prescriptive theory

Answer 6

Addresses nursing interventions, and help predict the consequences of specific interventions

Question 7

Evidence Based Practice

Answer 7

The judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about care of individual patients

Question 8

Evidence informed Practice

Answer 8

The integration of the most informative research evidence with the evidence from expert clinical practice and other sources to produce the best possible care for clients

Question 9

Steps for Generating Evidence Informed Practice

Answer 9

1⃣ask a question that clearly presents the clinical problem
2⃣identify and gather the most relevant and best evidence
3⃣critically appraise the evidence
4⃣integrate all the evidence with clinical expertise, clients’ preferences, and clients’ values to make a practice decision or change
5⃣evaluate the outcome of the practice decision or change

Question 10

Problem focused trigger

Answer 10

What is the best dressing to use for this wound?

Question 11

Problem focused trend

Answer 11

What can we do to reduce the number of ulcers developed in our unit

Question 12

Knowledges focused trigger

Answer 12

What is the current evidence to improve overall healing for diabetic ulcers

Question 13

Asking the Clinical Question

Answer 13

P patient population of interest
I intervention of interest
C comparison of interest
O outcome

Question 14

An evidence informed article must have?

Answer 14

Abstract
Introduction
Literature review
Manuscript narrative
Purpose Statement
Methods or Design
Results or Conclusions
Clinical Implications

Question 15

Questions to Critique the Evidence

Answer 15

Who wrote this article or conducted this research?…What are their credentials?

Has this published in a credible source?

Is the article based on their personal opinion or on a
research methodology?

Do you think the results are negatively influenced in any way? (bias)

Question 16

Fundamental Principles of Evidence Based Practice

Answer 16

Only intervene when it is known that a particular treatment is more effective than nature

Ensure that the benefits outweigh the risks

Question 17

Carper’s Ways of Knowing

Answer 17

Each pattern may be conceived as necessary for achieving mastery in the discipline, but none of them alone should be considered sufficient

There are four patterns:
ethics - the moral component
esthetics - the art of nursing
personal knowledge - therapeutic use of self
empirics - hue science of nursing

Question 18

What is Empirical Knowing?

Answer 18

The Science of Nursing

Knowledge that is systematically organized into
general laws and theories

When reflecting on your practice, asking: What
evidence informed this decision?

Question 19

What is Personal Knowing?

Answer 19

Referred to as ‘therapeutic use of self’

It is essential that we know ourselves

Promotes wholeness and integrity in the personal encounter

Nursing is an interpersonal process

Question 20

What is Aesthetic Knowledge?

Answer 20

The Art of Nursing

Expressed through creativity and style

empathy, compassion, holism, and sensitivity

How was this person feeling? Did I accomplish what I set out to do?

What need is being expressed by the patient’s behavior

Question 21

What is Ethical Knowing?

Answer 21

One of Carper’s ways of knowing

The moral component

Nursing knowledge goes beyond professional code of ethics and includes all voluntary actions that are deliberate and subject to judgement as right or wrong

Focuses on matters of obligation

Question 22

What are Best Practice Guidelines?

Answer 22

Guiding principles that lead to the most appropriate courses of action in certain practice situations

The Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO)

Question 23

Steps to Integrate Best Practice Guidelines into Practice

Answer 23

1⃣identify the problem, review and select knowledge
2⃣adapt knowledge to local context, stakeholder analysis, resource assessment
3⃣assess facilitators and barriers to knowledge use
4⃣select, tailor and implement intervention and implementation strategies
5⃣monitor knowledge use and evaluating outcomes
6⃣sustain knowledge use