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First Semester: Gross Anatomy 1 > Week 9: Small Animal Thorax > Flashcards

Week 9: Small Animal Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Three properties of body cavities

A
  • Bounded by muscle and bone
  • Lined by serous membrane
  • Contain viscera
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2
Q

Ventral body cavities are divided by the diaphragm into

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

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3
Q

Skeletal boundaries of the thoracic cavity

A
  • Dorsal: Thoracic vertebrae
  • Lateral: Ribs and costal cartilages
  • Ventral: Sternebrae and costal cartilages
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4
Q

Cranial and caudal borders of the thoracic cavity

A

Cranial: Thoracic inlet
Caudal: Diaphragm

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5
Q

Muscles of the thoracic wall are primarily used for

A

Respiration

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6
Q

Muscles of the thoracic wall include (9)

A
  1. Serratus dorsalis caudalis
  2. Serratus dorsalis cranialis
  3. External intercostals
  4. Internal intercostals
  5. Retractor costae
  6. Scalenus
  7. Rectus thoracis
  8. Rectus abdominis
  9. Transversus thoracis
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7
Q

Muscular parts of the diaphragm

A
  • Right and left costal
  • Sternal
  • Lumbar with right and left crura
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8
Q

Tendinous parts of the diaphragm

A
  • Central tendon

- Left and right crural tendons

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9
Q

Coverings and attachments of the diaphragm

A
  • Pleural covering
  • Diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection
  • Mediastinal attachment
  • Plica vena cava
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10
Q

Openings of the diaphragm

A
  • Lumbocostal arch
  • Aortic hiatus
  • Esophageal hiatus
  • Caval foramen
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11
Q

Serous membranes (tunica serosa) is composed of

A

A secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and an underlying CT layer

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12
Q

Purpose of serous membranes

A

Secrete serous fluids to reduce friction

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13
Q

Serous membranes are named according to

A

Location and cavity they define

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14
Q

Parietal and visceral layers are

A

continuous

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15
Q

Three serous cavities within the thoracic cavity

A
  • Left pleural
  • Right pleural
  • Pericardial
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16
Q

Pericardial cavity develops within…

continuous with…

A
  • Mediastinum: the space between the two pleural cavities

- With the cervical visceral space

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17
Q

Five regions of the parietal pleura within the R and L pleural cavities of the thoracic cavity

A
  1. Costal
  2. Sternal
  3. Diaphragmatic
  4. Mediastinal
  5. Diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection
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18
Q

Specific visceral pleura within the R and L pleural cavities of the thoracic cavity

A

Pulmonary pleura

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19
Q

Recesses of the thoracic cavity

A
  • Pleural cupula
  • Costodiaphragmatic
  • Costomediastinal
  • Mediastinal recess
20
Q

The mediastinal recess contains

A

The accessory lobe of the right lung

21
Q

Walls of the pericardial cavity are formed by a dense CT called the

A

fibrous pericardium

22
Q

The fibrous pericardium is lined by

A

Partietal pericardium

23
Q

The cervical visceral space is bounded by what muscles?

A
  • Sternocephalicus
  • Sternothyrohyodieus
  • Longus capitis
  • Longus coli
24
Q

Contents of the visceral space include (6)

A
  • Trachae
  • Esophagus
  • Thyroid and parathyroid glands
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerves
  • Trachael lymph nodes
  • Carotid sheath
25
Q

What is in the carotid sheath?

A
  • Common carotid arteries
  • Vagosympathetic trunks
  • Internal jugular veins
26
Q

Are the lungs in the mediastinum?

A

Nope

27
Q

Two portions of the respiratory system

A

Conducting

Exchange

28
Q

Conducting portion includes (2)

A

Trachae

Bronchial tree

29
Q

Bronchial tree branches

A
  • R and L principal bronchi
  • Carina
  • Lobar bronchi
  • Branches of segmental bronchi
  • Bronchioles
30
Q

Exchange portion of the respiratory system begins at

A

the respiratory bronchioles

31
Q

The respiratory bronchioles include

A

Alveolar ductules

Alveolar saccules

32
Q

Trachae is composed of

A

Incomplete cartilaginous rings connected by tracheal (annular) ligaments

33
Q

Functional blood supply to the lungs

A

Pulmonary a. and v.

34
Q

Nutritive blood supply to the lungs

A
  • Bronchoesophageal a.

- Azygous vein

35
Q

Left lung is divided into

A
  • Cranial: cranial and caudal parts

- Caudal

36
Q

Costodiaphragmatic recess is located between

A
  • Basal border of the lung

- Diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection

37
Q

Right lung is divided into

A
  • Cranial
  • Middle
  • Caudal
  • Accessory
38
Q

Brachiocephalic trunk branches into

A
  • Left common carotid
  • Right common carotid
  • Right subclavian
39
Q

Branches of the descending thoracic aorta

A
  • Dorsal intercostals

- Bronchoesophageal

40
Q

Branches of the subclavian arteries

A
  • Costocervical trunk
  • Vertebral
  • Superficial cervical
  • Internal thoracic
41
Q

Costocervical trunk supplies

A

Cranial intercostal spaces of and muscles of the neck

42
Q

Vertebral a. supplies

A

Brain, extends through transverse vertebral foramina

43
Q

Superficial cervical a. supplies

A

Superficial structures of the neck

44
Q

Internal thoracic supplies

A
  • Ventral intercostal aa - intercostal spaces
  • Musculophrenic -diaphragm
  • Cranial epigastric - continues
45
Q

Veins of the canine thorax

A
  • Right azygous
  • Caudal vena cava
  • Cranial vena cava
46
Q

Plica vena cava envelopes

A

Caudal vena cava

Right phrenic nerve

First Semester: Gross Anatomy 1 (19 decks)

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