Week 4: Muscles of the Pelvic Limb (Origins, Insertions, Actions)

Question 1

What are the hamstring muscles

Answer 1

• Biceps femoris
• Semitendinosus
• Semimembranosus

Question 2

Biceps femoris origin (2)

Answer 2

• Sacrotuberous ligament

- Ischiatic tuberosity

Question 3

Biceps femoris insertion (4)

Answer 3

• Patella
• Patellar ligament
• Cranial border of tibia via fascia lata and crural fascia
• Tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon

Question 4

Biceps femoris action (3)

Answer 4

• Extend hip and hock
• Can extend the stifle during weight bearing
• Can flex the stifle during non-weight bearing

Question 5

Semitendinosus origin

Answer 5

-Ischiatic tuberosity

Question 6

Semitendinosus insertion (2)

Answer 6

• Medial surface of tibial body

- Tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon

Question 7

Semitendinosus action (2)

Answer 7

• Extend hip and hock

- Flex stifle

Question 8

The tendon of the biceps femoris contributes to what?

Answer 8

The common calcanean tendon

Question 9

The lymph node associated with the biceps femoris?

Answer 9

• Popliteal lymph node

- Located at the caudal border

Question 10

The tendon of the semitendinosus contributes to what?

Answer 10

Common calcanean tendon

Question 11

Semimembranosus origin

Answer 11

Ischiatic tuberosity

Question 12

Semimembranosus insertion (2)

Answer 12

• Distal and medial aspect of the caudal femur

- Medial condyle of the tibia

Question 13

Semimembranosus action (3)

Answer 13

• Extend hip
• Extend stifle when weight bearing
• Flex stifle when non-weight bearing

Question 14

Sartorius origin

Answer 14

Ilium

Question 15

Sartorius insertion (2)

Answer 15

• Patella

- Cranial border of tibia

Question 16

Sartorius action (3)

Answer 16

• Flex hip
• Extend stifle when weight bearing
• Flex stifle when non-weight bearing

Question 17

What forms the caudal border of the femoral triangle

Answer 17

Sartorius

Question 18

A pulse of the femoral artery can be palpated caudal to what muscle

Answer 18

Sartorius

Question 19

Gracilis tendon contributes to

Answer 19

The common calcanean tendon

Question 20

Gracilis origin

Answer 20

Pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon

Question 21

Gracilis insertion (2)

Answer 21

• Cranial border of tibia

- Tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon

Question 22

Gracilis action (3)

Answer 22

• Adduct limb
• Flex stifle
• Extend hip and hock

Question 23

Pectineus origin

Answer 23

Pubis

Question 24

Pectineus insertion

Answer 24

Distal end of caudomedial aspect of femur

Question 25

Pectineus action

Answer 25

adduct limb

Question 26

What forms the caudal border of the femoral triangle?

Answer 26

Pectineus

Question 27

The pulse of the femoral artery can be palpated cranial to what muscle?

Answer 27

Pectineus

Question 28

Adductor origin (2)

Answer 28

- Pelvic symphysis via the symphysial tendon | - Ventral surface of the pubis and ischium

Question 29

Adductor insertion

Answer 29

Caudolateral aspect of the femur

Question 30

Adductor action (2)

Answer 30

- Adduct limb | - Extend hip

Question 31

Tensor fascia latae origin (2)

Answer 31

- Tuber coxae | - Aponeurosis of middle gluteal

Question 32

Tensor fascia latae insertion

Answer 32

-Fascia lata

Question 33

Tensor fascia latae action (3)

Answer 33

- Tense fascia lata - Flex hip - Extend stifle

Question 34

Superficial gluteal origin (2)

Answer 34

- Sacrotuberous ligament | - Deep gluteal fascia

Question 35

Superficial gluteal insertion

Answer 35

Third trochanter of the femur

Question 36

Superficial gluteal action (2)

Answer 36

- Extend hip | - Abduct limb

Question 37

Middle gluteal origin

Answer 37

Crest and gluteal surface of the ilium

Question 38

Middle gluteal insertion

Answer 38

Greater trochanter of the femur

Question 39

Middle gluteal action (3)

Answer 39

- Extend hip - Abduct hip - Rotate pelvic limb medially

Question 40

What muscle is part of the middle gluteal?

Answer 40

Piriformis

Question 41

Deep gluteal origin

Answer 41

Body of ilium

Question 42

Deep gluteal insertion

Answer 42

Greater trochanter of fermur

Question 43

Deep gluteal action (3)

Answer 43

- Extend hip - Abduct hip - Rotate pelvic limb medially

Question 44

Internal obturator special aspects

Answer 44

- Tendon that passes over the lesser ischiatic notch | - Subtendinous bursa

Question 45

Internal obturator origin

Answer 45

Dorsal surface of ischium and pubis

Question 46

Internal obturator insertion

Answer 46

Trochanter fossa of the femur

Question 47

Internal obturator action

Answer 47

Rotate pelvic limb laterally

Question 48

Gemelli origin

Answer 48

Lateral surface of the ischium

Question 49

Gemelli insertion

Answer 49

Trochanteric fossa of the femur

Question 50

Gemelli action

Answer 50

Rotate pelvic limb laterally

Question 51

Quadratus femoris origin

Answer 51

Ventral surface of caudal ischium

Question 52

Quadratus femoris insertion

Answer 52

Intertrochanteric crest of the femur

Question 53

Quadratus femoris action

Answer 53

Rotate pelvic limb laterally

Question 54

External obturator origin

Answer 54

Ventral surface of pubis and ischium

Question 55

External obturator insertion

Answer 55

Trochanteric fossa of the femur

Question 56

External obturator action

Answer 56

Rotate pelvic limb

Question 57

Quadriceps femoris four heads

Answer 57

- Rectus femoris - Medial head - Lateral head - Intermediate head

Question 58

Quadriceps femoris origin (2)

Answer 58

- Ilium (rectus femoris) | - Proximal aspect of femur (other heads)

Question 59

Quadriceps femoris insertion

Answer 59

Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

Question 60

Quadriceps femoris action (2)

Answer 60

- Flex hip (rectus femoris) | - Extend stifle (all heads)

Question 61

What are the four muscles of the small pelvic association

Answer 61

- Gemelli - Quadratus femoris - External obturator - Internal obturator

Question 62

Iliopsoas origin (2)

Answer 62

- Ventral aspect of lumbar vertebrae | - Cranioventral ilium

Question 63

Iliopsoas insertion

Answer 63

Lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 64

Iliopsoas action

Answer 64

flex hip