Week 9 Protein Locations and Functions

Question 1

Motif

Answer 1

Short repeated segments of protein 3D structure

Question 2

Protein Domains

Answer 2

Made of Motifs

Question 3

Protein Tertiary structure

Answer 3

Built from many Domains

Question 4

Post-Translational Modifications

Answer 4

Addition, removal, or modification of chemical groups or molecules.

Question 5

Different Post-Translational Modifications

Answer 5

Glycosylation
Lipidation
Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation
Methylation
Acetylation
Ubiquitylation
Nitrosylation

Question 6

Glycosylation

Answer 6

Addition of sugar molecules to proteins
o - Carbohydrate attached to Ser or Thr (Golgi Complex)
N - Carbohydrate attached to Asn (NXS/T Tripeptide) eg, ER

Question 7

Lipidation

Answer 7

Addition of Lipids to make Lipoprotein
(Fatty Acids, Isopernoids, Sterols, Phospholipids, Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPIO) anchors)

Question 8

Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation

Answer 8

Addition of Phosphate to Tyrosine, Threonine and Serine.
Kinase - enzymes that phosphorylate
Phosphatases - enzymes that remove phosphates

Question 9

Methylation

Answer 9

Methyl group added to protein

Question 10

Acetylation

Answer 10

Acetyl group to nitrogen - Acetylation
Removal of Acetyl group - Deacetylation

Question 11

Ubiquitylation

Answer 11

Addition of Ubiquitin.
Mono
Multi
Poly

Question 12

Nitrosylation

Answer 12

Attachment of Nitric Oxide (NO) to Cysteine side chain (S)
Reversible

Question 13

Protein Complex

Answer 13

Several Proteins bind to each other
(Transcription Factors, Histones, Polymerases, Enzymes)