Week 11 Cell Signaling

Question 1

Disease/ medicine and cell signalling

Answer 1

adjusting signalling pathways, inhibiting a key signalling protein

some prevent a ligand from binding to a receptor

Question 2

External Cell Signals

Answer 2

Direct contact, molecules secreted by other cells, viral/bacterial infections, nutrients/ toxins/ molecules present int he environment

Question 3

Cell Signalling Mechanisms

Answer 3

Autocrine
Gap Junction/Juxtacrine/Contact
Neuronal
Paracrine
Endocrine

Question 4

Autocrine

Answer 4

Target sites (receptors) are on the same cell

Question 5

Gap-Junction/Juxtacrine/Contact

Answer 5

Proteins permit direct cell-to-cell contact. Adjacent cell communication via membrane-bound signal

Question 6

Neuronal

Answer 6

Neurotransmitters released from nerve

Question 7

Paracrine

Answer 7

Target sites on adjacent cells. Mediators are released within local area

Question 8

Endocrine

Answer 8

Blood stream

Question 9

Second messengers

Answer 9

Small Molecules that initiate and coordinate intracellular signalling pathways. Ca2+ cAMP

Question 10

Cell regulation of signal sensitivity

Answer 10

• Isolate receptor
• Break down receptor
• Inactivate receptor
• Inactivate an intracellular signalling protein
• Produce an inhibitor