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LQB186 > week 7 translation > Flashcards

week 7 translation Flashcards

1
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA
carries information for protein synthesis from DNA molecules in the nucleus to the ribosomes

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2
Q

tRNA

A

Transfer

Transfers amino acids to the ribosomes. Amino acids used to assemble new polypeptide chain

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3
Q

Where stages of protein synthesis occur

A

Nucleus (Replication, Transcription)
Cytoplasm (Translation)

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4
Q

Ribonucleoprotein

A

Hybrid of RNA and proteins

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5
Q

Subunits of Ribosome

A

Large (60s) 28S, 5.8S, 5S rRNA
Small (40s) 18S RNA

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6
Q

Binding sites of the ribosome

A

A - Aminoacyl-tRNA
P - Peptidyl-tRNA
E - Exit Site

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7
Q

A binding site - Aminoacyl-tRNA

A

carries tRNA with the next amino acid

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8
Q

P binding site - Peptidyl-tRNA

A

holds tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain

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9
Q

E - Exit Site

A

Discharged tRNAs leave ribosome

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10
Q

Nucleoli Structural Regions

A

Fibrillar Centre
Dense Fibrillar Component
Granular Component

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11
Q

when do subunits begin to translate?

A

Only in the cytoplasm

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12
Q

tRNA

A

Read genetic code and match amino acids

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13
Q

AntiCodon

A

On the end of tRNAs, complimentary to an mRNA codon

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14
Q

Codon

A

Three group nucleotide, complimentary to anticodon on tRNA

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15
Q

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases

A

link tRNA with correct amino acid (one each) require ATP

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16
Q

making tRNA

A
  1. Amino acid and atp bind to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase active sites
    2, tRNA recruited into active site, energy used to attach
17
Q

Wobble base

A

anticodon that doe snot interact with tRNA
eg. all the same amino acid
GCU
GCA
GCG
CGC

18
Q

Translation requirements

A

subunits
tRNAs (Activated)
accessory proteins (IF, EF, RF)
mRNA
Energy (ATP, GTP)

19
Q

Main Steps in Translation

A

Initiation, Elongation, Termination

20
Q

Initiation

A

Starts translation, UAC tRNA (AUG start codon) 5 to 3 prime direction

21
Q

Elongation

A

Second phase 5 to 3 prime, codes until STOP

22
Q

Termination

A

STOP codon, UAA, UAC, UGA.
Everything cleaved and dissociated

LQB186 (11 decks)

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